Prednimustine in combination with methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil in advanced breast cancer: a phase I-II study.

Forty-seven patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with a combination of prednimustine (P), methotrexate (M), 5-fluorouracil (F), and tamoxifen (TAM). Twenty-six patients received P, 80 mg/m2 day 1-5 (series I) and 21 patients received P, 100 mg/m2 day 1-5 (series II). Both series of patients received M, 40 mg/m2 day 1 and 8 and F, 600 mg/m2 day 1 and 8 with a cycle duration of 4 weeks. All patients received TAM 20 mg twice daily. As concerns the haematologic toxicity, WBC were depressed significantly more often than platelet counts, and during the first 3 cycles 70% of the patients had a WBC nadir corresponding to toxicity grade II or more. No signs of cumulative haematologic toxicity were observed. Nausea and vomiting were registered in 40 out of 47 patients but in 35 of these only of grade I-II. Only one patient developed alopecia requiring a wig. The response to treatment could be evaluated in 28 patients, 21 of whom experienced response (CR or PR) of a median duration of 13 months. In conclusion, it seems that prednimustine can be safely used in combination with methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. The frequency of alopecia is definitely lower than with CMF. Whether this relates also to subjective side effects will require a randomized study, as will a final conclusion concerning the efficacy compared to that of CMF.