Dotterud L K, Kvammen B, Bolle R, Falk E S
Department of Dermatology, University of Tromsø, Norway.
Acta Derm Venereol. 1994 Mar;74(2):124-8. doi: 10.2340/0001555574124128.
The occurrence of atopic diseases in school children in the community of Sør-Varanger was studied on the basis of a questionnaire sent to the parents of all the 575 children aged 7-12 years. 551 children (95.8%), 266 girls and 285 boys, completed the questionnaire. Atopic diseases were reported to be present or to have occurred in 249 (45.2%) of the 551 children, more frequently in girls (50.4%) than in boys (40.4%) (p < 0.02). Asthma occurred in 68 cases (12.3%), with almost the same frequency in girls (13.2%) and boys (11.2%). Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis was detected in 113 children (20.6%); it was slightly more frequent in boys (21.8%) than in girls (18.9%) but did not reach statistical significance. Urticaria occurred in 72 cases (13.1%), more frequently in girls (17.7%) than in boys (8.8%) (p < 0.002), while atopic dermatitis occurred in 130 cases (23.6%), again more frequently in girls (27.6%) than in boys (19.6%) (p < 0.03). Ninety-four (37.8%) of the children experienced more than one atopic symptom. In 75% of the children with dermatitis the age at onset was under 5 and more than 50% of the children with asthma had experienced symptoms before the age of 3. Parental history of atopic diseases was reported by 35.6% of all children, more frequently in mothers (30.2%) than in fathers (20.1%). On the other hand, 30.6% of children with no parental history of atopic diseases appeared to develop some kind of atopic disease; this increased to 48.0% with a single and to 56.1% with a double parental history.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
基于向索-瓦朗厄尔社区所有575名7至12岁儿童的家长发放的调查问卷，对该社区学童特应性疾病的发病情况进行了研究。551名儿童（95.8%），其中266名女孩和285名男孩，完成了调查问卷。在这551名儿童中，有249名（45.2%）被报告患有或曾患特应性疾病，女孩（50.4%）比男孩（40.4%）更常见（p<0.02）。哮喘发生68例（12.3%），女孩（13.2%）和男孩（11.2%）的发生率几乎相同。113名儿童（20.6%）检测出过敏性鼻结膜炎；男孩（21.8%）比女孩（18.9%）略为常见，但未达到统计学显著性。荨麻疹发生72例（13.1%），女孩（17.7%）比男孩（8.8%）更常见（p<0.002），而特应性皮炎发生130例（23.6%），同样女孩（27.6%）比男孩（19.6%）更常见（p<0.03）。94名（37.8%）儿童出现一种以上特应性症状。75%的皮炎患儿发病年龄在5岁以下，50%以上的哮喘患儿在3岁前出现症状。35.6%的儿童有特应性疾病家族史，母亲（30.2%）比父亲（20.1%）更常见。另一方面，30.6%无特应性疾病家族史的儿童似乎患了某种特应性疾病；单亲家族史时这一比例增至48.0%，双亲家族史时增至56.1%。（摘要截选至250词）
