The use of midazolam and flumazenil for invasive radiographic procedures.

This study has examined the use of flumazenil to improve recovery following sedation with midazolam in elderly patients undergoing invasive radiological procedures. Forty patients received either flumazenil or placebo in a randomized double-blind fashion following midazolam sedation. Nalbuphine 10-15 mg was given for premedication. All but one of the patients in the flumazenil group were fully awake immediately following the reversal agents compared to only one in the placebo group (P = 0.016). This statistically significant difference remained after 20 minutes (P = 0.029). There were no adverse effects on heart rate, blood pressure, forced expiratory volume in one second, vital capacity or oxygen saturation. The majority of patients (78% overall) could not recall their procedure. All patients said that they would be willing to undergo a similar technique in the future.