Krasnoshchekov G L
Zh Obshch Biol. 1993 Jul-Aug;54(4):462-70.
There are two groups of cestode adaptations. One of them makes it possible for particular developmental stages to be adapted to their particular environment (including second order environment). The second one involves passing through the entire life circle: transition from one environment to another, releasing from protective shells, host intrusion, population density regulation at different developmental stages. Spectrum of adaptive reactions on the life cycles is determined by peculiarities of parasite systems.