Molinari J L, Tato P, Lara-Aguilera R, White A C
Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, UNAM, México, D.F.
J Parasitol. 1993 Feb;79(1):124-7.
Neurocysticercosis, caused by Taenia solium, is arguably the most common parasitic disease of the central nervous system. In taeniid infections of nonhuman mammals, there is strong evidence of immunity in the intermediate host to the invasive larvae (oncospheres). This immunity, which is mediated by antibody and complement, has been exploited to develop vaccines that effectively prevent infection. To examine the immune response in humans, T. solium eggs were hatched and activated in vitro. Activated oncospheres were incubated with heat-inactivated sera from patients with neurocysticercosis with or without complement (guinea pig serum). Controls included oncospheres plus complement alone, normal human serum alone, normal serum with complement, or buffer alone. Serum from infected patients, especially with complement, markedly reduced oncosphere mobility and led to disappearance of secretory vesicles and loss of membrane integrity. Viability as assessed by staining with dimethyl-thiazolyl-diphenyl-tetrazolium was reduced from 92.5% in controls to 61.5% with immune serum and 38.8% with immune serum and complement (P < 0.01). Preliminary western blot analysis showed antigens at 22, 64, and 70 kDa recognized by all 3 sera, but not by control sera. These data suggest that sera from patients with cysticercosis can kill oncospheres in vitro and may be used to identify protective antigens.
由猪带绦虫引起的神经囊尾蚴病可以说是中枢神经系统最常见的寄生虫病。在非人类哺乳动物的带绦虫感染中，有充分证据表明中间宿主对侵袭性幼虫（六钩蚴）具有免疫力。这种由抗体和补体介导的免疫力已被用于开发能有效预防感染的疫苗。为了研究人类的免疫反应，猪带绦虫卵在体外孵化并激活。将激活的六钩蚴与患有神经囊尾蚴病患者的热灭活血清一起孵育，有无补体（豚鼠血清）均可。对照组包括单独的六钩蚴加补体、单独的正常人血清、含补体的正常血清或单独的缓冲液。感染患者的血清，尤其是加入补体后，显著降低了六钩蚴的活动能力，并导致分泌小泡消失和膜完整性丧失。通过二甲基噻唑基二苯基四氮唑染色评估的活力从对照组的92.5%降至免疫血清组的61.5%，以及免疫血清加补体组的38.8%（P<0.01）。初步的蛋白质印迹分析显示，所有3种血清均可识别22、64和70 kDa的抗原，但对照血清不能识别。这些数据表明，囊尾蚴病患者的血清可在体外杀死六钩蚴，并可用于鉴定保护性抗原。
