Steinbrugger B, Fabian J, Zach M S
Department of Pediatrics, University of Graz, Austria.
Pediatr Res. 1993 Mar;33(3):273-7. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199303000-00014.
The passive, single-breath, flow-volume technique is a simple method for measuring the resistance (Rrs) and the compliance (Crs) of the respiratory system in infants. So far, the potential influence of end inspiratory occlusion time on these measurements has not been investigated. We measured Rrs and Crs in 36 infants and toddlers with bronchiolitis; in each child, a spectrum of nine fixed occlusion times, ranging from 90 to 600 ms, was applied in random sequence. Increasing the duration of occlusions from 90 to 275 ms resulted in marked stepwise changes of measured Rrs and Crs; occlusions longer than 275 ms, however, produced highly reproducible measurements, as expressed 1) by minimal absolute differences between measured values at subsequent occlusion times and 2) by minimal percentage changes of measured values from one occlusion time to the next. There was no influence of age on the results; reproducible measurements were made in children as old as 1.5 y. This suggests that, in infants with bronchiolitis, 1) occlusions between 300 and 450 ms might be ideal for obtaining reliable measurements, and 2) the age range for applying this method can be extended into the 2nd y of life.
被动单呼吸流量容积技术是一种测量婴儿呼吸系统阻力（Rrs）和顺应性（Crs）的简单方法。到目前为止，吸气末阻断时间对这些测量值的潜在影响尚未得到研究。我们对36例患细支气管炎的婴幼儿测量了Rrs和Crs；对每个患儿，以随机顺序应用了9种固定阻断时间，范围从90至600毫秒。将阻断时间从90毫秒增加至275毫秒导致测量的Rrs和Crs出现明显的逐步变化；然而，超过275毫秒的阻断产生了高度可重复的测量值，这表现为：1）后续阻断时间测量值之间的最小绝对差值，以及2）从一个阻断时间到下一个阻断时间测量值的最小百分比变化。年龄对结果没有影响；在年龄达1.5岁的儿童中也取得了可重复的测量值。这表明，对于患细支气管炎的婴儿，1）300至450毫秒之间的阻断可能是获得可靠测量值的理想选择，并且2）应用该方法的年龄范围可扩展至生命的第二年。
