Müller H L, Kirchgessner M
Institut für Ernährungsphysiologie, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan.
Z Ernahrungswiss. 1995 Jun;34(2):143-50. doi: 10.1007/BF01636948.
An animal model experiment was conducted with nine adult sows to study the effect of olive oil and fish oil (40% polyunsaturated fatty acids) on thermogenesis compared to wheat starch as control. The treatments were given to each animal according to a latin square design. The basal diet (20 g DM/kg W0.75) was mainly based on barley and soybean meal, and matched 60% of the ME requirements with all the other nutrients meeting maintenance requirements. The isoenergetic supplements amounted to 176 kJ gross energy per kg W0.75 and day. During each experimental period a complete energy balance was recorded for each animal using indirect calorimetry technique (RQ-method) as well as the carbon-nitrogen-balance technique. The treatments did not influence the digestibility of the rations. Digestibility of energy and of carbon averaged 83.4% and 83.3%, respectively. All three supplements were nearly completely digested as calculated by the difference method. Fish oil increased urine energy and decreased CH4 production, the shifts, however, were in absolute terms very small. The mean O2 consumption was 1,002 l/d showing no significant treatment effects. CO2 production was lowered with olive oil by 10%, and with fish oil by 13% compared to the starch diet. The daily heat production was 20.95, 20.72, and 20.04 MJ when starch, olive oil or fish oil was given. Corrected for equal energy retention the difference of thermogenesis between olive oil and starch was -0.4 MJ/d, and between fish oil and starch -1.2 MJ/d. These differences corresponded to a relation of starch:olive oil:fish oil = 1:0.95:0.86. The relation between starch and olive oil reflected exactly the theoretical expectation, calculated from the ATP regeneration by oxidation of both nutrients. When fish oil was added, the daily heat production was lower than theoretically calculated, which might be interpreted as an effect on the metabolic rate in general rather than especially on the efficiency of ATP formation from fish oil oxidation. In any case, there was no hint of a facultative thermogenesis induced by the oils.
用9头成年母猪进行了一项动物模型实验，以研究与作为对照的小麦淀粉相比，橄榄油和鱼油（40%多不饱和脂肪酸）对产热的影响。根据拉丁方设计对每头动物进行处理。基础日粮（20克干物质/千克体重0.75）主要以大麦和豆粕为基础，满足60%的代谢能需求，其他所有营养素均满足维持需求。等能量补充剂相当于每千克体重0.75每天176千焦总能。在每个实验期，使用间接测热技术（呼吸商法）以及碳氮平衡技术记录每头动物的完整能量平衡。处理对日粮的消化率没有影响。能量和碳的消化率分别平均为83.4%和83.3%。通过差值法计算，所有三种补充剂几乎都被完全消化。鱼油增加了尿能并降低了甲烷产生量，然而，这些变化的绝对值非常小。平均耗氧量为1002升/天，未显示出显著的处理效应。与淀粉日粮相比，橄榄油使二氧化碳产生量降低了10%，鱼油使二氧化碳产生量降低了13%。当给予淀粉、橄榄油或鱼油时，每日产热分别为20.95、20.72和20.04兆焦。校正相等的能量保留后，橄榄油和淀粉之间的产热差异为-0.4兆焦/天，鱼油和淀粉之间的产热差异为-1.2兆焦/天。这些差异对应于淀粉：橄榄油：鱼油=1:0.95:0.86的关系。淀粉和橄榄油之间的关系恰好反映了根据两种营养素氧化产生ATP的理论预期。添加鱼油后，每日产热低于理论计算值，这可能被解释为对总体代谢率的影响，而不是特别对鱼油氧化产生ATP的效率的影响。无论如何，没有迹象表明这些油会诱导兼性产热。
