[儿童非特异性呼吸道疾病合并肺结核的病程及治疗特点]

[Characteristics of the course and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis associated with nonspecific respiratory diseases in children].

作者信息

Mitinskaia L A, Elufimova V F, Gnezdilova T M, Iukhimenko N V

出版信息

Probl Tuberk. 1996(2):13-6.

Abstract

Specific features of intrathoracic tuberculosis course, outcomes and treatment are outlined for 109 children. In 59 of them tuberculosis was associated with nonspecific respiratory diseases (NRD). 28.8%, 25.4%, 18.6, 27.2% of patients had cystic hypoplasia, chronic hypoplasia, recurrent pneumonia, recurrent bronchitis, respectively. Complicated course of tuberculosis occurred 2 times more frequently in its combination with NRD (71.2%). Destruction and discharge of bacteria were recorded in 49.2 and 47.5% of patients, respectively. Undulating running was 3.4 and side effects 1.6 times more frequent. Tuberculous children with NRD need longer antituberculous therapy using wide-spectrum antibiotics, symptomatic and exercise treatment, massage, surgical intervention if necessary. Complete resolution of lung lesions in NRD children were seen 4.8 times less frequently. In case of late diagnosis 54% of them retained residual changes in the form of lung tissues fibrosis, calcified foci in the lungs and lymph nodes.

摘要

概述了109名儿童胸内结核病程、转归及治疗的具体特征。其中59名儿童的结核病与非特异性呼吸道疾病（NRD）相关。分别有28.8%、25.4%、18.6%、27.2%的患者患有肺发育不全、慢性发育不全、复发性肺炎、复发性支气管炎。结核病合并NRD时，复杂病程的发生频率高出2倍（71.2%）。分别有49.2%和47.5%的患者出现细菌破坏和排出。病情波动更为频繁，是其3.4倍，副作用更为频繁，是其1.6倍。患有NRD的结核患儿需要更长时间的抗结核治疗，使用广谱抗生素、对症治疗和运动疗法、按摩，必要时进行手术干预。NRD患儿肺部病变完全消退的情况少见4.8倍。若诊断延迟，其中54%会遗留肺组织纤维化、肺部和淋巴结钙化灶等残余改变。