[放疗的急性胃肠道副作用。治疗中确定的是什么？]

[Acute gastrointestinal side effects of radiotherapy. What is certain in the treatment?].

作者信息

Paulsen F, Hoffmann W, Kortmann R D, Porschen R, Bamberg M

机构信息

Abteilung für Strahlentherapie, Radiologische Universitätsklinik, Tübingen.

出版信息

Strahlenther Onkol. 1996 Feb;172(2):53-63.

PMID:8669046

Abstract

PURPOSE

Radiotherapy, especially in the abdominal region, is frequently associated with gastrointestinal side effects.

METHODS

The article reviews the current knowledge about pathophysiological background, clinical symptoms and the treatment strategies of the major gastrointestinal side effects.

RESULTS

Several basics are investigated and depending on this knowledge some special treatment strategies have been developed (5-HT3-receptor-antagonists in the treatment of nausea, Figure 1, Table 2). The treatment of stomatitis, esophagitis, enteritis and proctitis still remains symptomatic and is not yet standardized (Tables 3 to 6). There are some promising results with smectit (enteritis) and sucralfat. Special dental attendance should be performed before initiating radiotherapy of the head and neck region. Technical improvement in radiotherapy will also help to reduce side effects.

CONCLUSION

In order to minimize gastrointestinal side effects, it is necessary to further investigate the pathophysiology of acute and late toxicity.

摘要

目的

放射治疗，尤其是腹部区域的放疗，常常伴有胃肠道副作用。

方法

本文综述了关于主要胃肠道副作用的病理生理背景、临床症状及治疗策略的现有知识。

结果

对一些基础内容进行了研究，并据此开发了一些特殊的治疗策略（5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂用于治疗恶心，图1，表2）。口腔炎、食管炎、肠炎和直肠炎的治疗仍以对症治疗为主，尚未标准化（表3至6）。蒙脱石（用于肠炎）和硫糖铝有一些令人鼓舞的结果。在对头颈部区域进行放疗前应进行特殊的牙科护理。放疗技术的改进也将有助于减少副作用。