Sadi A M, Toda T, Oku H, Hokama S
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.
Exp Anim. 1996 Jan;45(1):55-62. doi: 10.1538/expanim.45.55.
To compare the atherogenecity of different fats and oils, a total of forty, 40-day-old male Japanese quails were fed one of the following diets for three months: basal diet (control), a diet-containing 15% corn oil (CO) and 2% cholesterol (CH), a diet-containing 15% oleic acid (OL) and 2% CH, a diet-containing 15% perilla oil (PE) and 2% CH, a diet-containing 15% evening [corrected] primrose oil (PR) and 2% CH. A higher plasma cholesterol concentration was found in the birds in the CO and OL groups, whereas the PE and PR groups showed a much lower level of plasma cholesterol than the CO and OL groups. In proportion to the increased plasma cholesterol, both CO and OL groups showed narrowing of the lumen of the ascending aorta and its large branches due to marked lipid-rich intimal thickening. Ultrastructural changes in the ascending aorta and its large branches were correlated with the degree of intimal thickening. The major foam cell types were macrophages and fibroblastic cells. The PE and PR groups showed the fewest lipid-rich intimal thickening lesions in their ascending aorta and its large branches. These findings suggest that the alpha-linolenic acid contained in perilla oil is less atherogenic than oleic and linoleic acid, and gamma-linolenic acid contained in evening [corrected] primrose oil has a tendency to decrease the plasma lipid level.
为比较不同油脂的致动脉粥样化性，将40只40日龄雄性日本鹌鹑分为以下几组，每组喂食一种日粮，为期三个月：基础日粮（对照组）、含15%玉米油（CO）和2%胆固醇（CH）的日粮、含15%油酸（OL）和2% CH的日粮、含15%紫苏油（PE）和2% CH的日粮、含15%月见草油（PR）和2% CH的日粮。结果发现，CO组和OL组鹌鹑的血浆胆固醇浓度较高，而PE组和PR组鹌鹑的血浆胆固醇水平远低于CO组和OL组。随着血浆胆固醇升高，CO组和OL组鹌鹑升主动脉及其大分支的管腔均因明显的富含脂质的内膜增厚而变窄。升主动脉及其大分支的超微结构变化与内膜增厚程度相关。主要的泡沫细胞类型为巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞。PE组和PR组鹌鹑升主动脉及其大分支中富含脂质的内膜增厚病变最少。这些发现表明，紫苏油中含有的α-亚麻酸的致动脉粥样化性低于油酸和亚油酸，月见草油中含有的γ-亚麻酸有降低血浆脂质水平的趋势。
