Brumm M C, Miller P S
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska, Northeast Research & Extension Center, Concord 68728, USA.
J Anim Sci. 1996 Nov;74(11):2730-7. doi: 10.2527/1996.74112730x.
Three experiments were conducted to determine the main and interacting effects on growth performance of floor space allowance and dietary lysine and energy concentrations for growing-finishing pigs. In each experiment, space allocations of .56 or .78 m2/pig were achieved with 14 or 10 pigs per pen, respectively. In Exp. 1, diets investigated were National Research Council (NRC) recommended nutrient densities, NRC plus 5% added fat (F), NRC plus .15% added L-lysine. HCl (L), and NRC plus fat plus lysine (FL) in a 4 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of diets with space and season (winter vs summer). In Exp. 2 and 3, a 2 x 3 factorial treatment arrangement was used to investigate space and diet effects. Diets investigated contained 0, 2.5, or 5% added fat (choice white grease [Exp. 2]; tallow [Exp. 3]) with L-lysine.HCl added to maintain a constant lysine:ME ratio. In Exp.1, pigs given .56 m2/pig vs .78 m2/pig ate less feed (P < .001) and grew slower (P < .001) with no difference in gain:feed ratio or carcass lean percentage. Feed intake was decreased (P < .005) and gain:feed ratio increased (P < .001) for the FL vs L diet. In Exp. 2, pigs given .56 m2/pig vs .78 m2/pig grew slower (P < .001) with a poorer gain:feed ratio (P < .05) and a slower rate of lean gain (P < .05). In Exp. 3, pigs given .56 m2/pig vs .78 m2/pig grew slower (P < .05) with no difference in gain:feed ratio and a slower rate of lean gain (P < .005). There was a linear improvement in ADG (P < .01, Exp. 2; P = .011, Exp. 3) and gain:feed ratio (P < .001, Exp. 2 and 3) with increasing amounts of fat in the diet. The lack of space x diet interactions in these experiments suggests that the reduction in ADG associated with the reduction in ADFI for pigs given less space is independent of dietary lysine and energy concentrations.
进行了三项试验，以确定生长育肥猪的饲养密度、日粮赖氨酸和能量浓度对生长性能的主要影响和交互作用。在每项试验中，每头猪的饲养面积分别为0.56平方米或0.78平方米，每栏分别饲养14头或10头猪。在试验1中，研究的日粮采用4×2×2析因设计，包括美国国家研究委员会（NRC）推荐的营养密度、NRC+5%添加脂肪（F）、NRC+0.15%添加L-盐酸赖氨酸（L）以及NRC+脂肪+赖氨酸（FL），同时考虑饲养密度和季节（冬季与夏季）因素。在试验2和试验3中，采用2×3析因处理设计来研究饲养密度和日粮的影响。研究的日粮添加了0、2.5%或5%的脂肪（试验2中为精选白油脂；试验3中为牛脂），并添加L-盐酸赖氨酸以保持赖氨酸:代谢能比例恒定。在试验1中，每头猪饲养面积为0.56平方米的猪与0.78平方米的猪相比，采食量较低（P<0.001），生长较慢（P<0.001），但料重比和胴体瘦肉率无差异。与L日粮相比，FL日粮的采食量降低（P<0.005），料重比提高（P<0.001）。在试验2中，每头猪饲养面积为0.56平方米的猪与0.78平方米的猪相比，生长较慢（P<0.001），料重比更差（P<0.05），瘦肉生长速度较慢（P<0.05）。在试验3中，每头猪饲养面积为0.56平方米的猪与0.78平方米的猪相比，生长较慢（P<0.05），料重比无差异，瘦肉生长速度较慢（P<0.005）。随着日粮中脂肪含量的增加，平均日增重（试验2中P<0.01；试验3中P=0.011）和料重比（试验2和试验3中P<0.001）呈线性改善。这些试验中缺乏饲养密度×日粮的交互作用，表明饲养密度降低导致的平均日增重下降与采食量减少有关，且与日粮赖氨酸和能量浓度无关。
