松果体的发育：磁共振成像测量
Development of the pineal gland: measurement with MR.
作者信息
Sumida M, Barkovich A J, Newton T H
机构信息
Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University School of Medicine, Japan.
出版信息
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1996 Feb;17(2):233-6.
PURPOSE
To use MR imaging in the analysis of the size of the normal pineal gland in infants, children, and adolescents.
METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the size of the pineal gland in 249 patients (129 male and 120 female) aged 2 weeks to 20 years old. The maximum length (L), height (H), and width (W) of the gland were determined from a combination of sagittal, coronal, and axial MR images obtained on a 1.5-T scanner. The volume was calculated by using the formula 1/2 x L x H x W.
RESULTS
The size of the pineal gland was significantly smaller in patients younger than 2 years old than in older patients. The size of the pineal gland increased until 2 years of age and remained stationary between the ages of 2 and 20 years. We found a large variation in size among all age groups. No difference in size was noted between males and females.
CONCLUSION
This study establishes norms for pineal gland size in infants younger than 2 years old and in children and adolescents 2 to 20 years old as detected with MR imaging. Knowledge of the size of the normal pineal gland is important in the detection of abnormalities of the pineal gland, particularly neoplasms.
目的
利用磁共振成像分析婴儿、儿童及青少年正常松果体的大小。
方法
我们回顾性分析了249例年龄在2周龄至20岁之间患者（男性129例，女性120例）的松果体大小。通过在1.5-T扫描仪上获取的矢状面、冠状面和横断面磁共振图像相结合来确定松果体的最大长度（L）、高度（H）和宽度（W）。使用公式1/2×L×H×W计算体积。
结果
2岁以下患者的松果体大小显著小于年龄较大的患者。松果体大小在2岁前不断增大，在2至20岁之间保持稳定。我们发现所有年龄组之间大小差异很大。男性和女性之间在大小上未发现差异。
结论
本研究确立了通过磁共振成像检测的2岁以下婴儿以及2至20岁儿童和青少年松果体大小的标准。了解正常松果体的大小对于检测松果体异常，尤其是肿瘤非常重要。
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