对儿童哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹相关的国际儿童哮喘及过敏研究（ISAAC）问题的应答季节所产生的影响。

The effect of season-of-response to ISAAC questions about asthma, rhinitis and eczema in children.

作者信息

Stewart A W, Asher M I, Clayton T O, Crane J, D'Souza W, Ellwood P E, Ford R P, Mitchell E A, Pattemore P K, Pearce N

机构信息

Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

出版信息

Int J Epidemiol. 1997 Feb;26(1):126-36. doi: 10.1093/ije/26.1.126.

DOI:10.1093/ije/26.1.126

PMID:9126512

Abstract

BACKGROUND

To examine whether responses to questions about the lifetime prevalence and 12-month period prevalence of symptoms of asthma and allergies are affected by the season in which the questions are asked.

METHODS

The international Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase One was undertaken in six New Zealand centres; in three centres the effect of season was studied. Over three school terms at least 3000 children were studied in each of two age groups per centre (6-7 years; 13-14 years), one-third in each term respectively. The ISAAC standardized written questionnaires were used to identify asthma, rhinitis and eczema symptoms. The written questionnaire in the younger age group was completed by the parent/guardian. The older age group self-completed the written questionnaire and also a video questionnaire about asthma symptoms.

RESULTS

The total number of respondents was 21,437, approximately half in each age group. The season of responding had no effect on the level of response to eczema questions. For the written asthma questionnaire no season-of-response effect was present for 6-7 year olds; for 13-14 year olds there was a trend to a higher rate of positive responses by those responding in winter, but in only one question did this reach statistical significance. With the video questionnaire there was a similar trend for a higher rate of positive responses when questions were asked in winter, but this did not reach statistical significance. For rhinitis symptoms there was a statistically significant season-of-response effect in both age groups with two questions; the fewest positive responses by the winter responders.

CONCLUSIONS

There was no significant effect of season-of-response to questions on eczema symptoms, and most questions on asthma symptoms. There was a season-of-response effect on responses to questions on rhinitis symptoms suggesting a recall bias relating to recency of symptoms.

摘要

背景

探讨询问哮喘和过敏症状终生患病率及12个月期间患病率的问题的回答是否受提问季节的影响。

方法

儿童哮喘和过敏国际研究（ISAAC）第一阶段在新西兰的六个中心进行；在三个中心研究了季节的影响。在三个学期中，每个中心的两个年龄组（6 - 7岁；13 - 14岁）至少有3000名儿童参与研究，每个学期分别有三分之一的儿童。使用ISAAC标准化书面问卷来识别哮喘、鼻炎和湿疹症状。较年幼年龄组的书面问卷由家长/监护人完成。较年长年龄组自行完成书面问卷以及一份关于哮喘症状的视频问卷。

结果

总受访者人数为21437人，每个年龄组约占一半。回答的季节对湿疹问题的回答水平没有影响。对于书面哮喘问卷，6 - 7岁儿童不存在回答季节效应；对于13 - 14岁儿童，冬季回答者的阳性回答率有升高趋势，但仅在一个问题上达到统计学显著性。对于视频问卷，冬季提问时阳性回答率也有类似的升高趋势，但未达到统计学显著性。对于鼻炎症状，在两个问题上两个年龄组均存在统计学显著的回答季节效应；冬季回答者的阳性回答最少。