Mutant and transgenic mice in immunotoxicology: an introduction.

An overview is given in simple terms of the techniques behind transgenic, knock-out and knock-in mice. The principles for the creation and use in toxicology of genetically engineered animals are outlined, and some examples are given from areas related to immunotoxicology. Genetically engineered animals have so far been used only to a very limited extent in immunotoxicology. Practical aspects of work with transgenic animals are discussed, and sources of information and services related to transgenic animals are listed.