Metcalfe R A, Oh Y S, Stroud C, Arnold K, Weetman A P
Department of Medicine, University of Sheffield Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, UK.
Autoimmunity. 1997;25(2):65-72. doi: 10.3109/08916939708996272.
There is no consensus on the role of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) in autoimmune thyroid disease; recent reports have suggested that antibodies mediating ADCC are found particularly in patients with primary myxoedema, occur less frequently in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and are absent in Graves' disease. Using an ADCC assay with a single source of effector and target cells, and expressing results as lytic units, we have found antibodies capable of mediating ADCC in 9 of 17 patients with primary myxoedema, 9 of 22 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis and 6 of 22 patients with Graves' disease. There was no significant difference between the groups in this distribution. Mean levels of ADCC activity were not significantly different comparing primary myxoedema and Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients, although levels were lower in Graves' disease patients compared to those with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (P < 0.05). There was no correlation between TPO antibodies (total IgG or IgG subclasses) measured by ELISA and ADCC activity. These results suggest that thyroid antigens besides TPO are involved in ADCC and that antibodies mediating ADCC are not restricted to subgroups of patients with autoimmune thyroid disease.
关于抗体依赖细胞介导的细胞毒性作用（ADCC）在自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中的作用尚无定论；最近的报告表明，介导ADCC的抗体尤其在原发性黏液性水肿患者中发现，在桥本甲状腺炎患者中出现频率较低，而在格雷夫斯病患者中不存在。使用单一来源的效应细胞和靶细胞进行ADCC检测，并将结果表示为溶解单位，我们发现在17例原发性黏液性水肿患者中有9例、22例桥本甲状腺炎患者中有9例以及22例格雷夫斯病患者中有6例存在能够介导ADCC的抗体。在这种分布上，各组之间没有显著差异。比较原发性黏液性水肿患者和桥本甲状腺炎患者，ADCC活性的平均水平没有显著差异，尽管格雷夫斯病患者的水平低于桥本甲状腺炎患者（P < 0.05）。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测的甲状腺过氧化物酶（TPO）抗体（总IgG或IgG亚类）与ADCC活性之间没有相关性。这些结果表明，除TPO外的甲状腺抗原参与了ADCC，并且介导ADCC的抗体并不局限于自身免疫性甲状腺疾病患者的亚组。
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