胡志明市不断上升的艾滋病毒感染率预示着越南即将出现艾滋病疫情。

Rising HIV infection rates in Ho Chi Minh City herald emerging AIDS epidemic in Vietnam.

作者信息

Lindan C P, Lieu T X, Giang L T, Lap V D, Thuc N V, Thinh T, Lurie P, Mandel J S

机构信息

University of California, San Francisco 94025, USA.

出版信息

AIDS. 1997 Sep;11 Suppl 1:S5-13.

PMID:9376101

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To describe the epidemiology of HIV in Ho Chi Minh City in the context of current surveillance data from Vietnam.

METHODS

Since the late 1980s, HIV surveillance data have been collected in Ho Chi Minh City from centers for the treatment of venereal disease and tuberculosis, centers for the rehabilitation of injecting drug users and sex workers, prenatal clinics, blood banks and other sites.

RESULTS

The first case of HIV infection in Vietnam was identified in 1990 in Ho Chi Minh City. The cumulative number of reported HIV infections in this city at the end of 1996 was 2774, about half of the number of cases in the country; 86% of infections were among men, 86% among injecting drug users, 2.5% among patients with sexually transmitted diseases and 2.5% among sex workers. The first HIV infection among antenatal women was detected in 1994. The prevalence of HIV among injecting drug users rose dramatically from 1% in 1992 to 39% in 1996, compared with 1.2% among sex workers, 0.3% among blood donors and 1.3% among tuberculosis patients in 1996. The populations of injecting drug users and sex workers in Ho Chi Minh City are estimated to be 30000 and 80000, respectively, and rates of sexually transmitted diseases are 2-3 per 1000 persons per year. By the end of December 1996, 42 out of 53 provinces had reported HIV infections, and border areas near China and Cambodia began identifying large numbers of HIV-seropositive people.

CONCLUSIONS

Ho Chi Minh City is at the forefront of a new HIV epidemic in Vietnam. This epidemic shows similarities to that in Thailand nearly a decade ago, with rapidly rising HIV rates among injecting drug users and infection already established among sex workers. Prevention efforts should include the targeting of injecting drug users and sex workers outside rehabilitation centers, the availability of sterile needles and condoms, the establishment of anonymous testing sites, the control of sexually transmitted diseases and the coordination of programs within southeast Asia.

摘要

目的

根据越南当前的监测数据描述胡志明市的艾滋病毒流行病学情况。

方法

自20世纪80年代末以来，胡志明市已从性病和结核病治疗中心、注射吸毒者和性工作者康复中心、产前诊所、血库及其他场所收集了艾滋病毒监测数据。

结果

越南的首例艾滋病毒感染病例于1990年在胡志明市被发现。截至1996年底，该市报告的艾滋病毒感染累计病例数为2774例，约占全国病例数的一半；86%的感染者为男性，86%为注射吸毒者，2.5%为性传播疾病患者，2.5%为性工作者。1994年首次在产前妇女中检测到艾滋病毒感染。注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒感染率从1992年的1%急剧上升至1996年的39%，而1996年性工作者中的感染率为1.2%，献血者中的感染率为0.3%，结核病患者中的感染率为1.3%。据估计，胡志明市注射吸毒者和性工作者的人数分别为3万和8万，性传播疾病发病率为每年每1000人2至3例。截至1996年12月底，53个省份中有42个报告了艾滋病毒感染情况，中越和柬越边境地区开始发现大量艾滋病毒血清反应阳性者。