This investigation examined the ability of the health belief model (HBM) to predict condom usage and risky sexual practices in 122 white heterosexual college students (ages 17 to 33 years). The HBM did not significantly explain condom usage in the 58 men and 64 women surveyed; rather it partially explained the variance in sexual risk behaviors. Results were not consistent for men and women. The HBM components significantly explained 18% of the variance in multiple sexual partnerships in men and 22% of the variance in this behavior in women. The HBM constructs also explained 9% of the variance in the likelihood of women being intoxicated or high during sex and 18% of the variance in the number of sexual risk behaviors endorsed by women. These findings suggest that the HBM has differential and limited utility for predicting sexual practices in university students. Future research is needed to examine more comprehensive models of behavior change.