Coelho A M, Coelho R, Barros H, Rocha-Gonçalves F, Reis-Lima M A
Clínica Geral do Centro de Saúde de Aldoar, Unidade de Saúde do Carvalhido.
Rev Port Cardiol. 1997 Nov;16(11):873-83, 848.
To evaluate the influence of psychological and psychopathological factors and quality of life on hypertension, its treatment and patient compliance.
Case-control study.
Primary Health Care Center in Oporto.
Forty nine patients (pts) with essential hypertension (HT), 35 female and 14 male, mean ages: 52 +/- 11 yrs and 59 +/- 10 yrs, respectively, and 39 normotensive controls (NT)--18 female and 21 male, mean ages: 37 +/- 15 yrs and 42 +/- 15 yrs, respectively, were recruited from the same General Practice.
Hypertension was classified according to the Joint National Committee criteria. The following psychometric evaluations were used: the Beck Depression Inventory, the Hopkins Symptom Distress Checklist, the Psychological General Well-Being Schedule and the Eysenck Personality Inventory.
The hypertensive pts differed from the normotensive pts as they scored significantly higher in aggression/hostility and lower in quality of life. No statistically significant differences were found among the psychological variables in the pts with cardiac involvement. A better compliance was associated with better psychological scores. The results of this study lead us to suggest that when treating pts with HT, the most appropriate therapeutic attitude should attempt to avoid both therapeutic withdrawal and lack of medical control.
评估心理和精神病理因素及生活质量对高血压及其治疗和患者依从性的影响。
病例对照研究。
波尔图的初级卫生保健中心。
从同一全科诊所招募了49例原发性高血压患者（pts），其中女性35例，男性14例，平均年龄分别为52±11岁和59±10岁；以及39例血压正常的对照者（NT），其中女性18例，男性21例，平均年龄分别为37±15岁和42±15岁。
根据美国国家联合委员会标准对高血压进行分类。采用了以下心理测量评估方法：贝克抑郁量表、霍普金斯症状困扰清单、心理总体幸福感量表和艾森克人格量表。
高血压患者与血压正常患者不同，他们在攻击/敌意方面得分显著更高，而在生活质量方面得分更低。在有心脏受累的患者中，心理变量之间未发现统计学上的显著差异。更好的依从性与更好的心理得分相关。本研究结果使我们建议，在治疗高血压患者时，最合适的治疗态度应试图避免治疗中断和缺乏医疗控制。
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