Szymczak W, Starzyński Z
Zakładu Epidemiologii Srodowiskowej, Instytutu Medycyny Pracy, Lodzi.
Med Pr. 1998;49(1):27-34.
General consequences of occupational diseases for both employees and the country's economy have been known for many decades. Nevertheless there were no legal instruments and financial means to carry out studies leading to a comprehensive evaluation of health effects induced by occupational diseases diagnosed in Poland. Only recently, the legal basis has been provided by the revision of the regulations on occupational diseases (Official Journal of the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare no 9, heading 51, 1989), and the financial means allocated according to the Governmental Strategic Programme (SPR-1) for the years 1995-1998. The objectives of the study and the results obtained have been presented in another publication. Here the authors concentrated on some aspects of data collection and their analysis. An essential element in the establishment of data base on health effects of occupational diseases was its integration, namely the number of diagnosed occupational disease had to correspond with the entity in the Register of Occupational Diseases. Such an approach helped to avoid including in the base all metrical data, as information on effects of occupational diseases was collected exclusively for persons with detected and diagnosed occupational disease, which had to be previously placed in the Register of Occupational Diseases. The correctness of data input and the data analysis were carried out outside the Paradox system. The analysis of histograms of characteristics under study and the explanation of departing values were employed to evaluate the freedom from bias, and the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the data.
几十年来，人们已经了解职业病对员工和国家经济的总体影响。然而，此前波兰并没有法律手段和资金来开展相关研究，从而对经诊断的职业病所引发的健康影响进行全面评估。直到最近，职业病相关法规的修订（《卫生和社会福利部官方公报》第9期，标题51，1989年）提供了法律依据，同时还根据1995 - 1998年政府战略计划（SPR - 1）分配了资金。该研究的目标和所取得的结果已在另一篇出版物中呈现。在此，作者着重关注数据收集及其分析的某些方面。建立职业病健康影响数据库的一个关键要素是数据整合，即确诊的职业病数量必须与职业病登记册中的记录一致。这种方法有助于避免将所有测量数据纳入数据库，因为关于职业病影响的信息仅收集自已检测和诊断出职业病且此前已列入职业病登记册的人员。数据输入的正确性和数据分析是在Paradox系统之外进行的。通过对所研究特征的直方图分析以及对偏离值的解释来评估偏差情况，并使用社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行数据分析。
