Duma S M, Bass C R, Klopp G S, Grillo N, Micek T J, Crandall J R, Pilkey W D
University of Virginia, Automobile Safety Laboratory, Charlottesville 22902, USA.
Biomed Sci Instrum. 1997;33:47-52.
Radius and ulna fractures from airbag deployment onto the forearm have been reported in the literature. Based on laboratory experiments with eight cadaveric upper extremities, this paper presents a method for using strain gages to evaluate upper extremity loading during airbag deployment. The technique provides strain rates, bending moments, and time of fracture for the radius and ulna. Planar rosettes (350 omega, 5% strain) were selected as the best choice given the application to bone with a rosette being placed mid-shaft on both the anterior and posterior surfaces of the radius and ulna. Forearm incisions were intended to be minimally invasive and to limit damage to the interosseous membrane. The bone surface was prepared with Ether, and the gauges were bonded to the surface with methyl-2-cyanoacrylate. A thin latex cover was installed over the surface of the rosettes to isolate the gauges from the surrounding tissue. Strain relief of the gauges was provided by securing the wire leads to the bone with tie-wraps, as well as suturing the wires to the skin. With this technique all gauges reported accurate data throughout the duration of the impact.
文献中已报道过因安全气囊在前臂展开而导致的桡骨和尺骨骨折。基于对八具尸体上肢进行的实验室实验，本文提出了一种使用应变片来评估安全气囊展开过程中上肢受力情况的方法。该技术可提供桡骨和尺骨的应变率、弯矩以及骨折时间。考虑到应用于骨骼的情况，选择平面应变片（350Ω，5%应变）作为最佳选择，在桡骨和尺骨的前后表面中轴处各放置一个应变片。前臂切口旨在实现微创并限制对骨间膜的损伤。用乙醚处理骨表面，并用甲基 - 2 - 氰基丙烯酸酯将应变片粘贴到表面。在应变片表面安装一层薄乳胶覆盖物，以使应变片与周围组织隔离。通过用绑扎带将导线固定到骨上以及将导线缝合到皮肤上，对应变片进行应变消除。使用该技术，在整个撞击过程中所有应变片都报告了准确的数据。
