Thijs C, Knipschild P
Department of Epidemiology and Academic Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
J Clin Gastroenterol. 1998 Oct;27(3):223-31. doi: 10.1097/00004836-199810000-00009.
We have evaluated the association between gallstones and abdominal symptoms, comparing two different study designs. We asked questions on abdominal pain, dyspeptic symptoms, and food intolerance in (1) surgery patients referred for conditions unrelated to gallstones, screened by ultrasound (screening study, n = 892, 63 with gallstones); and in (2) symptomatic patients referred for gallbladder ultrasound (clinical study, n = 336, 71 with gallstones). Gallstones were associated with mid upper abdominal pain in the screening study, and with mid upper abdominal pain, biliary pain, and colic (each independently) in the clinical study. When these symptoms were absent (and only dyspeptic symptoms or food intolerance was present), gallstones were not more common than expected from the general population prevalence (estimated from the screening study). When upper abdominal pain symptoms are accounted for, other symptoms (dyspeptic; food intolerance; pain related to food intake) have no additional diagnostic value. The results are discussed, contrasting different types of studies.
我们通过比较两种不同的研究设计,评估了胆结石与腹部症状之间的关联。我们询问了(1)因与胆结石无关的疾病而转诊、经超声筛查的手术患者(筛查研究,n = 892,63例有胆结石)以及(2)因胆囊超声检查而转诊的有症状患者(临床研究,n = 336,71例有胆结石)关于腹痛、消化不良症状和食物不耐受的问题。在筛查研究中,胆结石与中上腹疼痛有关,而在临床研究中,胆结石与中上腹疼痛、胆绞痛和绞痛(各自独立)有关。当这些症状不存在(仅存在消化不良症状或食物不耐受)时,胆结石并不比根据一般人群患病率(根据筛查研究估算)预期的更常见。当考虑上腹部疼痛症状时,其他症状(消化不良;食物不耐受;与食物摄入相关的疼痛)没有额外的诊断价值。我们对结果进行了讨论,对比了不同类型的研究。