Cherniaev A L, Grobova O M, Nekliudova G V, Chuchalin A G, Ammosova S P, Pleshanov P G, Liaskina O A, Chernikov V P
Research Institute of Pulmonology, Moscow.
Arkh Patol. 1998 Sep-Oct;60(5):36-41.
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), broncho- and transbronchial biopsies were examined in Chernobyl wreckers eleven years after the accident. Cytologically and electron-microscopically, there was predominance of alveolar macrophages (AM) with many cytoplasmic foreign bodies containing clear needle-like crystals. Roentgenospectral analysis and laser mass-spectrometry revealed chemical elements which are part of non-active "hot particles" (Al, Si, Ca, Fe) as well as reactor fuel elements and the station constructive materials which are the active part of "hot particles". Programmed BALF allowed to decrease cytosis and the amount of AM containing foreign-body particles as well as concentration of the majority of chemical elements in AM.
事故发生十一年后，对切尔诺贝利事故清理者的支气管肺泡灌洗（BALF）液、支气管及经支气管活检样本进行了检查。在细胞学和电子显微镜检查中，肺泡巨噬细胞（AM）占主导地位，许多细胞质异物中含有清晰的针状晶体。X射线光谱分析和激光质谱分析揭示了作为非活性“热粒子”组成部分的化学元素（铝、硅、钙、铁）以及作为“热粒子”活性部分的反应堆燃料元素和电站建筑材料。程序化支气管肺泡灌洗可减少细胞增多症、含有异物颗粒的肺泡巨噬细胞数量以及肺泡巨噬细胞中大多数化学元素的浓度。
