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  5. 早餐与胆囊结石的相关性研究 (近5年)

早餐与胆囊结石的相关性研究 (近5年)

文献检索Gin Gong发表于 2026年01月09日 09:0216阅读
检索问题

早餐与胆囊结石的相关性，选择近5年研究

近年来，关于早餐与胆囊结石之间关系的研究逐渐增多。这类研究主要集中在饮食时间、食物成分及其对健康的影响。根据一项基于2017-2018年全国健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的横断面研究，早餐时间和饮食结构与胆囊结石之间存在显著的关联（PMID: 39472867）。

研究背景

胆囊结石是一种常见的消化系统疾病，其发病率与饮食习惯密切相关。研究表明，饮食时间（即吃饭的时机）和能量分配模式可能影响胆囊结石的风险。然而，现有的文献对此特定领域的研究相对较少。因此，本研究旨在探讨不同的饮食时间模式及能量分配模式与胆囊结石之间的关系。

研究方法

该研究所使用的数据显示，共纳入了4692名年龄在20岁及以上的参与者。使用自我报告方式确认胆囊结石的诊断。“时间饮食模式”的识别采用潜类别分析（LCA），而“能量分配模式”的识别则使用潜在剖面分析（LPA）。研究人员对此进行的回归分析显示，早晨早餐的时间和饮食中碳水化合物的摄入量与胆囊结石的发生存在密切的统计关系。

主要发现

  1. 早餐时间模式:

    • 根据研究结果，“传统”（Conventional）早餐模式被用作比较基准。
    • 早晨早餐模式（Early breakfast）: 风险比（OR）为0.809，表示与“传统”模式相比，此模式与胆囊结石风险降低相关。
    • 稍晚的早餐模式（Later breakfast）: 风险比（OR）为1.435，说明与“传统”模式相比，此模式与胆囊结石风险增加相关。
    • 零星进食模式（Grazing）: 风险比（OR）为1.147，也与风险增加相关。

  2. 能量分配模式:

    • 研究发现，饮食中的能量分配模式同样影响胆囊结石的风险。
    • 高碳水化合物模式（High carbohydrates）: 风险比（OR）为1.329，显示该饮食模式与胆囊结石风险增加相关。
    • 碳水化合物-脂肪平衡模式（Carbs-fat balance）和高脂肪模式（High fat）分别显示出相对胆囊结石的风险比为0.877和0.848，表明其可能与风险降低相关。

结论与建议

基于上述研究结果，早餐的时间选择，以及饮食中碳水化合物和脂肪的比例，似乎直接影响胆囊结石的风险。作者建议为了降低胆囊结石的风险，饮食应保持规律，避免不定时且频繁的吃零食。如果主要的进食时间是在早晨，那么这个时间最好不要超过早上9:00。此外，减少碳水化合物的摄入，并且保持适中的脂肪摄入，可能对降低胆囊结石的风险有帮助。

总结

从近期的研究来看，早餐模式及其时间安排对胆囊结石的发生具有显著影响。研究强调了健康饮食习惯的重要性，特别是对于那些有胆囊结石风险的个体。这些发现不仅为公众提供了饮食方式的参考，也为后续研究提供了基础数据，期望通过科学的饮食管理来降低胆囊结石的发生率。漫长的生活方式和饮食习惯，通过合理调整，可以在一定程度上缓解此类疾病的风险，这一切都需要人们对健康饮食的重视与实践。

References

1Associations between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with gallstones: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2017-2018.PubMed

Huan Zhang, Chao Xu, Xiaojing Zhu, et al.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Oct 29;24(1):2994. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20512-x.
BACKGROUND: Gallstones are strongly associated with eating occasion (EO) and energy distribution, but few studies have addressed this aspect. Therefore, we utilize the data from 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore the association between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with the incidence of gallstones. METHODS: Our study comprised participants who completed the NHANES dietary intake interview and self-reported health questionnaire at age 20 or older. The self-report method for gallstones (have you ever been told by a doctor) was used. We use the latent class analysis (LCA) identified temporal eating patterns, and identified energy distribution patterns through latent profile analysis (LPA). The association between temporal eating patterns, energy distribution patterns, and gallstones was examined using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: The study included a total of 4,692 participants. LCA identified four temporal eating patterns labeled as "Conventional," "Early breakfast," "Later breakfast," and "Grazing." Compared to the "Conventional" pattern, the "Early breakfast" pattern (OR 0.809, 95%CI 0.808-0.811) was associated with a reduced risk of gallstones, while the "Later breakfast" (OR 1.435, 95%CI 1.432-1.438) and "Grazing" (OR 1.147, 95%CI 1.145-1.148) patterns were associated with an increased risk of gallstones. LPA identified four energy distribution patterns labeled as "Guideline," "High carbohydrates," "Carbs-fat balance," and "High fat." The "High carbohydrates" pattern (OR 1.329, 95%CI 1.326-1.331) was associated with an increased risk of gallstones compared to the "Guideline" pattern. The "Carbs-fat balance" pattern (OR 0.877, 95%CI 0.876-0.879) and the "High fat" pattern (OR 0.848, 95%CI 0.846-0.850) were significantly and negatively associated with the risk of gallstones. CONCLUSIONS: To summarize, inappropriate timing of eating and energy sources are associated with gallstones. As a dietary prevention measure for gallstones, we suggest adhering to a regular eating routine and avoiding overly casual and frequent food consumption. If the main EO routine occurs in the morning, this time should not exceed 9:00 a.m. Additionally, reducing carbohydrate intake and maintaining a moderate level of fat intake is believed to contribute to a lower risk of gallstones.
检索问题

早餐与胆囊结石的相关性，选择近5年研究

近年来，对于早餐与胆囊结石之间的相关性进行了多项研究，尤其是通过分析饮食模式和能量分配模式来评估其影响。在这些研究中，早餐时间、饮食习惯及所摄取的食物组成被广泛探讨，揭示了早餐在风险因素中的重要性。

根据一项基于2017-2018年国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）的研究，层次分析方法将饮食模式分为“常规型”、“早餐型”、“晚餐型”和“零食型”四种。研究结果显示，与“常规型”饮食模式相比，“早餐型”的饮食模式（OR 0.809）与胆囊结石的风险呈负相关，表现出该饮食模式可能降低胆囊结石发生的风险。相反，“晚餐型”（OR 1.435）和“零食型”（OR 1.147）饮食模式则与胆囊结石风险的增加相关【[2]]。

此外，研究还通过能量分配模式分析发现，参与者的饮食能量主要可以分为“指南型”、“高碳水化合物型”、“碳水化合物与脂肪平衡型”和“高脂肪型”。在这一分析中，“高碳水化合物型”（OR 1.329）被发现与胆囊结石的风险增加相关，而“碳水化合物与脂肪平衡型”（OR 0.877）和“高脂肪型”（OR 0.848）则表现出显著的负相关性，这意味着适当的脂肪摄入有助于降低胆囊结石的发生风险【[2]]。

综上所述，研究表明，早餐的选择和时间对胆囊结石的形成有重要影响。建议遵循规律的饮食习惯，避免过度随意且频繁的进食，尤其是在早餐时间不宜超过早上9:00，以降低未来罹患胆囊结石的风险。在饮食组成方面，减少碳水化合物的摄入，并保持适中的脂肪摄入，可能有助于进一步降低胆囊结石的发生率【[2]]。

此外，一项病例研究涉及到一位因胆囊结石和胆囊炎住院的患者，该患者在手术中发现其胆囊位于肝脏内的异位位置，这种情况虽然较为罕见，但也反映出胆囊的异常位置可能会影响胆囊疾病的诊断和治疗。这一病例强调了在处理胆囊相关疾病时，透彻的影像学检查的重要性，以便发现潜在的解剖异常【[1]]。

最后，虽然早餐与胆囊结石之间的直接联系还需要进一步的研究来确认，但现有的数据已经为我们提供了一些有价值的饮食指导，以帮助公众预防胆囊结石的发生。同时，医生在评估胆囊相关疾病时，应该考虑患者的饮食习惯，以制定更有效的预防和治疗策略。

References

1A case of intrahepatic ectopic gallbladder with atrophic cholecystitis.PubMed

Yongyong Hua, Jianquan Zhang, Zhi Li
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2021;46(9):1041-1044. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2021.190355.
A 49-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital in June 2018 due to upper abdominal pain for 8 h. The patient was hospitalized in a local hospital 3 months ago for upper abdominal pain and was diagnosed as cholecystolithiasis and cholecystitis. After infusion treatment, the symptoms were improved and the patient was discharged. The patient suffered from persistent pain in the upper abdomen after eating greasy breakfast 8 h ago, accompanied by a pain in the right back and shoulder without nausea, vomiting, and other symptoms. After admission, the patient was diagnosed as cholecystolithiasis and atrophic cholecystitis by abdominal CT, color Doppler ultrasonography, and other examinations. During laparoscopic cholecystectomy, no gallbladder was found in the normal gallbladder position. We found an ectopic atrophic gallbladder in the liver via conversion laparotomy and intraoperative color Doppler ultrasonography. Liver tissue was cut above the gallbladder shadow. The gallbladder was separated and completely removed. No bile duct injury occurred during surgery, and no serious consequences such as postoperative bile leaks occurred. The patient recovered well after surgery.

2Associations between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with gallstones: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2017-2018.PubMed

Huan Zhang, Chao Xu, Xiaojing Zhu, et al.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Oct 29;24(1):2994. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20512-x.
BACKGROUND: Gallstones are strongly associated with eating occasion (EO) and energy distribution, but few studies have addressed this aspect. Therefore, we utilize the data from 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to explore the association between temporal eating patterns and energy distribution patterns with the incidence of gallstones. METHODS: Our study comprised participants who completed the NHANES dietary intake interview and self-reported health questionnaire at age 20 or older. The self-report method for gallstones (have you ever been told by a doctor) was used. We use the latent class analysis (LCA) identified temporal eating patterns, and identified energy distribution patterns through latent profile analysis (LPA). The association between temporal eating patterns, energy distribution patterns, and gallstones was examined using logistic regression modeling. RESULTS: The study included a total of 4,692 participants. LCA identified four temporal eating patterns labeled as "Conventional," "Early breakfast," "Later breakfast," and "Grazing." Compared to the "Conventional" pattern, the "Early breakfast" pattern (OR 0.809, 95%CI 0.808-0.811) was associated with a reduced risk of gallstones, while the "Later breakfast" (OR 1.435, 95%CI 1.432-1.438) and "Grazing" (OR 1.147, 95%CI 1.145-1.148) patterns were associated with an increased risk of gallstones. LPA identified four energy distribution patterns labeled as "Guideline," "High carbohydrates," "Carbs-fat balance," and "High fat." The "High carbohydrates" pattern (OR 1.329, 95%CI 1.326-1.331) was associated with an increased risk of gallstones compared to the "Guideline" pattern. The "Carbs-fat balance" pattern (OR 0.877, 95%CI 0.876-0.879) and the "High fat" pattern (OR 0.848, 95%CI 0.846-0.850) were significantly and negatively associated with the risk of gallstones. CONCLUSIONS: To summarize, inappropriate timing of eating and energy sources are associated with gallstones. As a dietary prevention measure for gallstones, we suggest adhering to a regular eating routine and avoiding overly casual and frequent food consumption. If the main EO routine occurs in the morning, this time should not exceed 9:00 a.m. Additionally, reducing carbohydrate intake and maintaining a moderate level of fat intake is believed to contribute to a lower risk of gallstones.
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