Kaimbo Wa Kaimbo D, Spileers W, Missotten L
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kinshasa.
Bull Soc Belge Ophtalmol. 2002(284):49-53.
To determine frequencies of ocular emergencies and identify their nature.
Observational case series.
In a retrospective study, the records of all 118 consecutive patients seen in emergency room during an eleven-month period were reviewed.
Ocular emergencies represented 4% of the 2917 new patients visiting the department of Ophthalmology during this time. There was a 2.1/1 male to female preponderance and a peak age of presentation between 11 and 30 years. The mean age was 26 years +/- 17. Ocular trauma (68 patients) accounted for over two-fourths (57.6%) of the total cases. Only 16% of patients presented within 48 hours. Fifty-one percent of injuries occurred to the left eye, 38% to the right, and 10% bilaterally. The commonest ocular injury problems were eyelid laceration (13 patients, 19.1%), post-traumatic iritis (12 patients, 17.6%), and corneal laceration and penetration (10 patients, 14.7%), accounting for 51% (35 patients) of the total. Home- and work-related ocular injuries accounted for 54% of all ocular injuries. Thirty-three percent of all ocular injuries were caused by assault and fight, and 15% were related to motor vehicle accident. For the non-traumatic ocular emergencies, the main aetiological factor was inflammation (18%).
Our study showed that males account for the majority of eye injuries and this class is more prone to assault-related injuries. In our country prevention strategies must take account of these.
确定眼部急症的发生率并明确其性质。
观察性病例系列研究。
在一项回顾性研究中，对11个月期间急诊室连续收治的118例患者的病历进行了回顾。
在此期间，眼部急症占眼科就诊的2917例新患者的4%。男女比例为2.1:1，发病高峰年龄在11至30岁之间。平均年龄为26岁±17岁。眼外伤（68例患者）占总病例的四分之二以上（57.6%）。只有16%的患者在48小时内就诊。51%的损伤发生在左眼，38%在右眼，10%为双眼损伤。最常见的眼外伤问题是眼睑裂伤（13例患者，19.1%）、外伤性虹膜炎（12例患者，17.6%）以及角膜裂伤和穿孔（10例患者，14.7%），共占总数的51%（35例患者）。家庭和工作相关的眼外伤占所有眼外伤的54%。所有眼外伤的33%由袭击和斗殴导致，15%与机动车事故有关。对于非外伤性眼部急症，主要病因是炎症（18%）。
我们的研究表明，男性占眼外伤的大多数，且这类人群更容易遭受与袭击相关的损伤。在我国，预防策略必须考虑到这些因素。
