心理测量认知测试背后的文化价值观。
Cultural values underlying psychometric cognitive testing.
作者信息
Ardila Alfredo
机构信息
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA.
出版信息
Neuropsychol Rev. 2005 Dec;15(4):185-95. doi: 10.1007/s11065-005-9180-y.
It is proposed that culture (values, beliefs, styles of behavior) can affect neuropsychological testing. Cognitive testing represents a social situation that-as any social situation, it is one governed by implicit cultural rules. At least eight different culture-dependent values underlie cognitive testing: (1) One-to-one relationship, (2) Background authority, (3) Best performance, (4)Isolated environment (5) Special type of communication, (6) Speed, (7) Internal or subjective issues, and (8) The use of specific testing elements and strategies. In addition, it is proposed that"the distance" (e.g., gender, age, ethnicity) between the examiner and the examinee may potentially impact the testing situation. A special analysis regarding the function of instruction in cognitive tests is also presented emphasizing that test instruction interpretation is also culture-dependent. Some potential avenues of research are finally proposed.
有人提出，文化（价值观、信仰、行为方式）会影响神经心理学测试。认知测试代表了一种社会情境——与任何社会情境一样，它受隐含的文化规则支配。认知测试至少有八种不同的文化相关价值观作为基础：（1）一对一关系；（2）背景权威；（3）最佳表现；（4）孤立环境；（5）特殊类型的沟通；（6）速度；（7）内在或主观问题；（8）特定测试元素和策略的使用。此外，有人提出，考官与考生之间的“距离”（如性别、年龄、种族）可能会对测试情境产生潜在影响。还对认知测试中指导语的作用进行了专门分析，强调测试指导语的解释也依赖于文化。最后提出了一些潜在的研究途径。
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