Alkjaer Tine, Larsen Peter K, Pedersen Gitte, Nielsen Linda H, Simonsen Erik B
Institute of Medical Anatomy, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3C, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Biomed Eng Online. 2006 Jan 6;5:2. doi: 10.1186/1475-925X-5-2.
The rollator is a very popular walking aid. However, knowledge about how a rollator affects the walking patterns is limited. Thus, the purpose of the study was to investigate the biomechanical effects of walking with and without a rollator on the walking pattern in healthy subjects.
The walking pattern during walking with and without rollator was analyzed using a three-dimensional inverse dynamics method. Sagittal joint dynamics and kinematics of the ankle, knee and hip were calculated. In addition, hip joint dynamics and kinematics in the frontal plane were calculated. Seven healthy women participated in the study.
The hip was more flexed while the knee and ankle joints were less flexed/dorsiflexed during rollator walking. The ROM of the ankle and knee joints was reduced during rollator-walking. Rollator-walking caused a reduction in the knee extensor moment by 50% when compared to normal walking. The ankle plantarflexor and hip abductor moments were smaller when walking with a rollator. In contrast, the angular impulse of the hip extensors was significantly increased during rollator-walking.
Walking with a rollator unloaded the ankle and especially the knee extensors, increased the hip flexion and thus the contribution of hip extensors to produce movement. Thus, rollator walking did not result in an overall unloading of the muscles and joints of the lower extremities. However, the long-term effect of rollator walking is unknown and further investigation in this field is needed.
助行器是一种非常受欢迎的行走辅助工具。然而，关于助行器如何影响行走模式的知识有限。因此，本研究的目的是调查在健康受试者中，使用和不使用助行器行走对行走模式的生物力学影响。
使用三维逆动力学方法分析使用和不使用助行器行走时的行走模式。计算踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的矢状面关节动力学和运动学。此外，还计算了髋关节在额状面的动力学和运动学。七名健康女性参与了本研究。
在使用助行器行走时，髋关节更屈曲，而膝关节和踝关节的屈曲/背屈程度较小。在使用助行器行走期间，踝关节和膝关节的活动范围减小。与正常行走相比，使用助行器行走时膝关节伸肌力矩降低了50%。使用助行器行走时，踝关节跖屈肌和髋关节外展肌力矩较小。相比之下，在使用助行器行走期间，髋关节伸肌的角冲量显著增加。
使用助行器行走减轻了踝关节尤其是膝关节伸肌的负荷，增加了髋关节的屈曲，从而增加了髋关节伸肌对产生运动的贡献。因此，使用助行器行走并未导致下肢肌肉和关节的整体负荷减轻。然而，使用助行器行走的长期影响尚不清楚，需要在该领域进行进一步研究。
