Department of Migration and Urban Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Mumbai 400 703, India.
AIDS Behav. 2010 Aug;14 Suppl 1:S18-30. doi: 10.1007/s10461-010-9738-4.
This paper examines the linkages of permanent migration, temporary mobility and alcohol consumption with risky sexual behavior and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including HIV infection among males in India using a nationally representative dataset. The study shows that non-migrant men and migrant men do not differ significantly in any indicator of risky sexual behavior and STIs. Temporary long duration mobile men reported significantly more often than the non-mobile men or short duration mobile men that they had sex with multiple sex partners during their lifetime as well as sex with a high risk partner and had paid sex in the 12 months preceding the survey. Males who drank alcohol almost every day notwithstanding with their migration or mobility status were most prone to lifelong as well as more recent sexual risk behavior. Controlling for sociodemographic characteristics long duration mobile men and men who used alcohol almost daily had higher sexual risk behaviors and STI infections. Further migration and mobility did not show any significant relationship with tested HIV prevalence among males in India, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Males who had lifetime multiple sex partners were at the highest risk of tested HIV infection controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, migration, mobility, alcohol use and STI infection. Interventions focusing on HIV prevention in India need to target both non-migrant and migrant men, particularly those who drink alcohol more frequently or daily. Targeted interventions are required for temporary mobile men, particularly for those mobile men who have to stay away from their homes continuously for a longer duration. Long duration mobile men are most prone to regular alcohol use and risky sexual behavior.
本文使用全国代表性数据集，考察了永久性移民、临时性流动与饮酒与印度男性的危险性行为和性传播感染（包括 HIV 感染）之间的关联。研究表明，非移民男性和移民男性在任何危险性行为和性传播感染指标上均无显著差异。长期临时流动男性比非流动男性或短期临时流动男性更频繁地报告称，他们在一生中曾与多个性伴侣发生过性关系，包括与高危伴侣发生性关系和在调查前 12 个月内有偿性交易。无论其移民或流动状况如何，几乎每天都饮酒的男性最容易发生长期和近期的性风险行为。在控制了社会人口特征后，长期流动男性和几乎每天都饮酒的男性具有更高的性风险行为和性传播感染。进一步的移民和流动与印度男性的经检测 HIV 流行率之间没有显示出任何显著关系，在控制了社会人口特征后。在控制了社会人口特征、移民、流动、饮酒和性传播感染后，一生中拥有多个性伴侣的男性感染经检测 HIV 的风险最高。在印度，需要针对非移民和移民男性，特别是那些更频繁或每天饮酒的男性，开展针对 HIV 预防的干预措施。需要对临时流动男性，特别是那些不得不连续长时间离家的流动男性，开展有针对性的干预措施。长期流动男性最容易出现定期饮酒和危险性行为。
