儿童至青少年期背痛的患病率和发展轨迹。

Prevalence and tracking of back pain from childhood to adolescence.

机构信息

Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Part of Clinical Locomotion Network, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230, Odense, Denmark.

出版信息

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 May 16;12:98. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-98.

DOI:10.1186/1471-2474-12-98

PMID:21575251

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3123615/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

It is generally acknowledged that back pain (BP) is a common condition already in childhood. However, the development until early adulthood is not well understood and, in particular, not the individual tracking pattern. The objectives of this paper are to show the prevalence estimates of BP, low back pain (LBP), mid back pain (MBP), neck pain (NP), and care-seeking because of BP at three different ages (9, 13 and 15 years) and how the BP reporting tracks over these age groups over three consecutive surveys.

METHODS

A longitudinal cohort study was carried out from the years of 1997 till 2005, collecting interview data from children who were sampled to be representative of Danish schoolchildren. BP was defined overall and specifically in the three spinal regions as having reported pain within the past month. The prevalence estimates and the various patterns of BP reporting over time are presented as percentages.

RESULTS

Of the 771 children sampled, 62%, 57%, and 58% participated in the three back surveys and 34% participated in all three. The prevalence estimates for children at the ages of 9, 13, and 15, respectively, were for BP 33%, 28%, and 48%; for LBP 4%, 22%, and 36%; for MBP 20%, 13%, and 35%; and for NP 10%, 7%, and 15%. Seeking care for BP increased from 6% and 8% at the two youngest ages to 34% at the oldest. Only 7% of the children who participated in all three surveys reported BP each time and 30% of these always reported no pain. The patterns of development differed for the three spinal regions and between genders. Status at the previous survey predicted status at the next survey, so that those who had pain before were more likely to report pain again and vice versa. This was most pronounced for care-seeking.

CONCLUSION

It was confirmed that BP starts early in life, but the patterns of onset and development over time vary for different parts of the spine and between genders. Because of these differences, it is recommended to report on BP in youngsters separately for the three spinal regions, and to differentiate in the analyses between the genders and age groups. Although only a small minority reported BP at two or all three surveys, tracking of BP (particularly NP) and care seeking was noted from one survey to the other. On the positive side, individuals without BP at a previous survey were likely to remain pain free at the subsequent survey.

摘要

背景

人们普遍认为，背痛（BP）在儿童时期已经很常见。然而，直到成年早期的发展情况尚不清楚，尤其是个体的跟踪模式。本文的目的是展示三种不同年龄（9、13 和 15 岁）时 BP、下背痛（LBP）、中背痛（MBP）、颈痛（NP）和因 BP 而寻求治疗的患病率估计，并展示这些年龄组在三次连续调查中的 BP 报告随时间的跟踪情况。

方法

这是一项从 1997 年到 2005 年进行的纵向队列研究，从抽样的丹麦学童中收集了访谈数据。BP 是根据过去一个月内报告的疼痛来定义的，总体上和在三个脊柱区域内具体定义。随着时间的推移，BP 报告的流行率估计和各种模式均以百分比表示。

结果

在被抽样的 771 名儿童中，分别有 62%、57%和 58%参加了三次背部调查，34%参加了全部三次调查。9、13 和 15 岁儿童的患病率估计值分别为 BP 33%、28%和 48%；LBP 4%、22%和 36%；MBP 20%、13%和 35%；NP 10%、7%和 15%。因 BP 而寻求治疗的比例从两个最小年龄组的 6%和 8%上升到最大年龄组的 34%。仅 7%的连续三次参加调查的儿童每次都报告有 BP，其中 30%的儿童总是报告没有疼痛。三个脊柱区域和性别之间的发展模式不同。上一次调查的状况预测了下一次调查的状况，因此以前有疼痛的人更有可能再次报告疼痛，反之亦然。这在寻求治疗方面最为明显。

结论

证实了 BP 很早就开始出现，但不同脊柱部位和性别之间的发病和发展模式存在差异。由于这些差异，建议分别报告青少年的三个脊柱区域的 BP，并在分析中区分性别和年龄组。尽管只有少数人在两次或所有三次调查中报告有 BP，但从一次调查到另一次调查都注意到了 BP（尤其是 NP）和治疗的跟踪情况。从积极的方面来看，在上一次调查中没有 BP 的个体在下一次调查中很可能保持无疼痛。