尽管整体加工和面孔空间编码正常,但人脸识别受损:来自发展性面孔失认症病例的证据。
Face recognition impairments despite normal holistic processing and face space coding: evidence from a case of developmental prosopagnosia.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
出版信息
Cogn Neuropsychol. 2010 Dec;27(8):636-64. doi: 10.1080/02643294.2011.613372.
Holistic processing and face space coding are widely considered primary perceptual mechanisms behind good face recognition. Here, however, we present the case of S.P., a developmental prosopagnosic who demonstrated severe impairments in face memory and face perception, yet showed normal holistic processing and face space coding. Across three composite experiments, S.P. showed normal-strength holistic processing for upright faces and no composite effect for inverted faces. Across five aftereffect experiments, S.P. showed normal-sized face aftereffects, which derived normally from face space rather than shape-generic mechanisms. The case of S.P. implies: (a) normal holistic processing and face space coding can be insufficient for good face recognition even when present in combination; and (b) the focus of recent literature on holistic processing and face space should be expanded to include other potential face processing mechanisms (e.g., part-based processing). Our article also highlights the importance of internal task reliability in drawing inferences from single-case studies.
整体加工和面孔空间编码被广泛认为是良好面孔识别的主要感知机制。然而,在这里,我们介绍了 S.P.的案例,他是一名发展性面孔失认症患者,表现出严重的面孔记忆和面孔感知障碍,但表现出正常的整体加工和面孔空间编码。在三个组合实验中,S.P.对直立面孔表现出正常强度的整体加工,而对面孔的倒置则没有组合效应。在五个后效实验中,S.P.表现出正常大小的面孔后效,这些后效源自面孔空间,而不是源自形状通用机制。S.P.的案例表明:(a)即使同时存在,正常的整体加工和面孔空间编码也可能不足以进行良好的面孔识别;(b) 近期关于整体加工和面孔空间的文献焦点应该扩展到包括其他潜在的面孔处理机制(例如,基于部分的处理)。我们的文章还强调了在从单一案例研究中得出推论时内部任务可靠性的重要性。