Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Feb 25;13:68. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-68.
Poor motor and social skills as well as peer victimization are commonly reported in both ADHD and autism spectrum disorder. Positive relationships between poor motor and poor social skills, and between poor social skills and peer victimization, are well documented, but the relationship between poor motor skills and peer victimization has not been studied in psychiatric populations.
277 patients (133 males, 144 females), mean age 31 years, investigated for ADHD or autism spectrum disorder in adulthood and with normal intelligence, were interviewed about childhood peer victimization and examined for gross motor skills. The parents completed a comprehensive questionnaire on childhood problems, the Five to Fifteen. The Five to Fifteen is a validated questionnaire with 181 statements that covers various symptoms in childhood across eight different domains, one of them targeting motor skills. Regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between motor skills and the risk and duration of peer victimization, adjusted for sex and diagnosis.
Victims were described as more clumsy in childhood than their non-victimized counterparts. A significant independent association was found between reportedly poor childhood gross motor skills and peer victimization (adjusted odds ratio: 2.97 [95% confidence interval: 1.46-6.07], n = 235, p = 0.003). In adulthood, the victimized group performed worse on vertical jumps, a gross motor task, and were lonelier. Other factors that were expected to be associated with peer victimization were not found in this highly selected group.
Poor gross motor skills constitute a strong and independent risk factor for peer victimization in childhood, regardless of sex, childhood psychiatric care and diagnosis.
在注意力缺陷多动障碍和自闭症谱系障碍中，普遍存在运动和社交技能差以及同伴受欺负的情况。运动和社交技能差之间以及社交技能差和同伴受欺负之间存在负面关系已得到充分证明，但在精神科人群中，运动技能差和同伴受欺负之间的关系尚未得到研究。
277 名（男性 133 名，女性 144 名）患者，平均年龄 31 岁，因成年后注意力缺陷多动障碍或自闭症谱系障碍而接受调查，且智力正常，他们接受了有关儿童期同伴受欺负的访谈，并接受了粗大运动技能检查。父母完成了一份全面的儿童期问题问卷，即 Five to Fifteen。Five to Fifteen 是一种经过验证的问卷，包含 181 个陈述，涵盖了儿童期八个不同领域的各种症状，其中一个领域针对运动技能。回归模型用于评估运动技能与同伴受欺负的风险和持续时间之间的关系，调整了性别和诊断。
与未受欺负的对照组相比，受欺负者在童年时期被描述为更笨拙。在报告的儿童粗大运动技能差与同伴受欺负之间发现了显著的独立关联（调整后的优势比：2.97[95%置信区间：1.46-6.07]，n = 235，p = 0.003）。成年后，受欺负组在垂直跳跃等粗大运动任务中的表现更差，并且更孤独。在这个高度选择的群体中，没有发现其他预期与同伴受欺负相关的因素。
无论性别、儿童期精神科护理和诊断如何，粗大运动技能差都是儿童期同伴受欺负的一个强大而独立的危险因素。
