Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, Essen 45145, Germany.
Occup Med (Lond). 2014 Jan;64(1):8-12. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqt136. Epub 2013 Nov 26.
Lifestyle-related health issues affect the economic position of organizations and contribute to reduced productivity, increased absenteeism and health care costs.
To summarize the effectiveness of different workplace health interventions for promoting healthy lifestyle, preventing diseases and reducing health care costs.
We searched MEDLINE via Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, NelH, HighWire Press and Google Scholar in March 2012. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of workplace interventions aimed at promoting physical activity, healthy weight and good nutrition were included. Three authors assessed the quality of the reviews and extracted data on methods, interventions, outcomes, results and effect sizes.
We identified 15 publications covering a total of 379 original studies. Three systematic reviews found beneficial effects of workplace nutrition interventions on employees' dietary behaviour. Three reviews found multi-component physical activity interventions to be effective in increasing employees' physical activity and fitness. The other activity promotion interventions were less effective regarding physical activity and weight-related outcomes. In terms of weight management, our findings favour multi-component interventions that focus on both physical activity and nutrition over single dietary programmes.
Workplace health promotion interventions may improve physical activity, dietary behaviour and healthy weight. There is no evidence of increased efficacy associated with specific intervention types. Workplace health promotion should focus on either physical activity or weight or nutrition behaviour to maximize effectiveness. Best evidence is available for multi-component interventions.
与生活方式相关的健康问题影响组织的经济状况，并导致生产力下降、旷工增加和医疗保健成本增加。
总结不同工作场所健康干预措施在促进健康生活方式、预防疾病和降低医疗保健成本方面的有效性。
我们于 2012 年 3 月通过 MEDLINE（通过 Pubmed）、EMBASE、Cochrane 图书馆、NelH、HighWire Press 和 Google Scholar 进行了搜索。系统评价和荟萃分析了旨在促进身体活动、健康体重和良好营养的工作场所干预措施。三位作者评估了综述的质量，并提取了有关方法、干预措施、结果、结果和效果大小的数据。
我们确定了 15 篇涵盖 379 项原始研究的出版物。三项系统评价发现工作场所营养干预对员工饮食行为的有益影响。三项综述发现多组分身体活动干预措施可有效增加员工的身体活动和健康。其他促进活动的干预措施在身体活动和与体重相关的结果方面效果较差。就体重管理而言，我们的研究结果支持多组分干预措施，这些干预措施既关注身体活动又关注营养，而不是单一的饮食计划。
工作场所健康促进干预措施可能会改善身体活动、饮食行为和健康体重。没有证据表明特定干预类型的疗效增加。工作场所健康促进应侧重于身体活动或体重或营养行为，以最大限度地提高效果。最佳证据是针对多组分干预措施的。
