Bonato M, Maggioni M A, Rossi C, Rampichini S, La Torre A, Merati G
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2015 Oct;55(10):1157-65. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
This study aims at investigating the possible relationships between anthropometric and functional parameters and maximal serve speed in professional tennis players.
Eight professional male tennis players (age 23±4 [mean±SD] years; height 181±4 cm; body mass 80±4 kg; playing experience 14±4 years; weekly training practice 29±6 hours) were recruited. Anthropometric parameters (height, body mass, arm-racquet length, arm muscle area), jump performance (squat jump, counter movement jump; counter movement jump free), handgrip strength and first and second maximal serve speed were assessed.
Pearson's correlation coefficient showed significant (P<0.05) positive relationships between height and ball speed in both the first (r=0.78; P=0.02) and second (r=0.80; P=0.017) serve, and a significant negative correlation between serve speed and arm muscle area in first serve only (r=-0.78; P=0.03). In addition, a trend towards a positive correlation was observed between string tensions and serves speed for both first and second serves (r=0.54; P=0.16 and r=0.60; P=0.11, respectively). No significant relationship was found between serve speed and the other variables considered, including jumping performance parameters.
Height was confirmed to be the main anthropometric determinant of serves speed in professional tennis players.
本研究旨在调查职业网球运动员人体测量学参数和功能参数与最大发球速度之间的可能关系。
招募了八名职业男性网球运动员（年龄23±4[平均值±标准差]岁；身高181±4厘米；体重80±4千克；比赛经验14±4年；每周训练时间29±6小时）。评估了人体测量学参数（身高、体重、手臂-球拍长度、手臂肌肉面积）、跳跃性能（深蹲跳、反向移动跳、自由反向移动跳）、握力以及第一次和第二次最大发球速度。
皮尔逊相关系数显示，身高与第一次发球（r = 0.78；P = 0.02）和第二次发球（r = 0.80；P = 0.017）的球速之间均存在显著（P < 0.05）正相关，且仅在第一次发球时，发球速度与手臂肌肉面积之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.78；P = 0.03）。此外，观察到第一次和第二次发球时，弦张力与发球速度之间均有正相关趋势（分别为r = 0.54；P = 0.16和r = 0.60；P = 0.11）。未发现发球速度与其他所考虑变量（包括跳跃性能参数）之间存在显著关系。
身高被证实是职业网球运动员发球速度的主要人体测量学决定因素。
