Hidding E, Swaab H, de Sonneville L M J, van Engeland H, Sijmens-Morcus M E J, Klaassen P W J, Duijff S N, Vorstman J A S
Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences and Leiden Institute of Brain and Cognition, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2015 Sep;59(9):803-15. doi: 10.1111/jir.12187. Epub 2015 Feb 13.
The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS; velo-cardio-facial syndrome) is associated with an increased risk of various disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). With this study, we aimed to investigate the relation between intellectual functioning and severity of ASD and ADHD symptomatology in 22q11DS.
A sample of 102 individuals (62 females) with 22q11DS aged 9 to 18.5 years were assessed using age appropriate Wechsler scales of intelligence as well as psychological and psychiatric assessment to evaluate the presence of ASD and ADHD symptomatology.
Intelligence profiles were characterised by lower scores on the factor perceptual organisation and higher scores on the factor processing speed, with on subtest level higher scores on digit span and lower scores on arithmetic and vocabulary as compared with the mean factor or subtest score respectively. No differences in intelligence profiles were found between subgroups with and without ASD and/or ADHD. Low scores on coding were associated with higher severity of ASD symptomatology, while lower scores on block design were associated with more severe ADHD symptomatology.
On several sub-domains of intelligence, poorer performance was associated with higher severity of ASD and ADHD symptomatology. The impact of developmental disorders in 22q11DS can be traced in specific domains of intellectual functioning as well as in severity of symptomatology.
22q11.2缺失综合征（22q11DS；心脏颜面综合征）与包括自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）在内的多种疾病风险增加有关。通过本研究，我们旨在调查22q11DS患者智力功能与ASD和ADHD症状严重程度之间的关系。
对102名年龄在9至18.5岁之间的22q11DS个体（62名女性）进行抽样评估，使用适合其年龄的韦氏智力量表以及心理和精神评估来评估ASD和ADHD症状的存在情况。
智力概况的特征是在知觉组织因子上得分较低，在加工速度因子上得分较高，在分测验水平上，数字广度得分高于平均因子或分测验得分，而算术和词汇得分低于平均因子或分测验得分。在有和没有ASD和/或ADHD的亚组之间未发现智力概况存在差异。编码得分低与ASD症状严重程度较高相关，而积木图案得分低与更严重的ADHD症状相关。
在智力的几个子领域中，较差的表现与ASD和ADHD症状的较高严重程度相关。22q11DS发育障碍的影响可以在智力功能的特定领域以及症状严重程度中找到。
