落叶状鱼鳞病中KRT1突变的频繁体细胞回复突变
Frequent somatic reversion of KRT1 mutations in ichthyosis with confetti.
作者信息
Choate Keith A, Lu Yin, Zhou Jing, Elias Peter M, Zaidi Samir, Paller Amy S, Farhi Anita, Nelson-Williams Carol, Crumrine Debra, Milstone Leonard M, Lifton Richard P
出版信息
J Clin Invest. 2015 Apr;125(4):1703-7. doi: 10.1172/JCI64415. Epub 2015 Mar 16.
Widespread reversion of genetic disease is rare; however, such events are particularly evident in some skin disorders in which normal clones develop on a background of affected skin. We previously demonstrated that mutations in keratin 10 (KRT10) cause ichthyosis with confetti (IWC), a severe dominant disorder that is characterized by progressive development of hundreds of normal skin spots via revertant mosaicism. Here, we report on a clinical and histological IWC subtype in which affected subjects have red, scaly skin at birth, experience worsening palmoplantar keratoderma in childhood, and develop hundreds of normal skin spots, beginning at around 20 years of age, that increase in size and number over time. We identified a causal de novo mutation in keratin 1 (KRT1). Similar to IWC-causing KRT10 mutations, this mutation in KRT1 resulted in a C-terminal frameshift, replacing 22 C-terminal amino acids with an alternate 30-residue peptide. Mutant KRT1 caused partial collapse of the cytoplasmic intermediate filament network and mislocalized to the nucleus. As with KRT10 mutations causing IWC, reversion of KRT1 mutations occurred via mitotic recombination. Because reversion is not observed with other disease-causing keratin mutations, the results of this study implicate KRT1 and KRT10 C-terminal frameshift mutations in the high frequency of revertant mosaicism in IWC.
遗传性疾病的广泛逆转很少见;然而,这种情况在一些皮肤疾病中尤为明显,在这些疾病中,正常克隆在受影响皮肤的背景下发展。我们之前证明,角蛋白10(KRT10)的突变会导致点状鱼鳞病(IWC),这是一种严重的显性疾病,其特征是通过回复性镶嵌现象逐渐出现数百个正常皮肤斑点。在这里,我们报告了一种临床和组织学上的IWC亚型,受影响的个体在出生时皮肤发红、有鳞屑,儿童期掌跖角化病加重,从20岁左右开始出现数百个正常皮肤斑点,随着时间的推移,其大小和数量会增加。我们在角蛋白1(KRT1)中发现了一个新的致病突变。与导致IWC的KRT10突变类似,KRT1中的这个突变导致了C末端移码,用一个30个残基的替代肽取代了22个C末端氨基酸。突变的KRT1导致细胞质中间丝网络部分塌陷,并错误定位于细胞核。与导致IWC的KRT10突变一样,KRT1突变的回复是通过有丝分裂重组发生的。由于其他致病角蛋白突变未观察到回复现象,本研究结果表明KRT1和KRT10的C末端移码突变与IWC中高频的回复性镶嵌现象有关。