Landi Francesco, Calvani Riccardo, Tosato Matteo, Martone Anna Maria, Ortolani Elena, Savera Giulia, D'Angelo Emanuela, Sisto Alex, Marzetti Emanuele
Department of Geriatrics, Neurosciences and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, L.go F. Vito 8, Rome 00168, Italy.
Nutrients. 2016 May 14;8(5):295. doi: 10.3390/nu8050295.
The provision of sufficient amounts of dietary proteins is central to muscle health as it ensures the supply of essential amino acids and stimulates protein synthesis. Older persons, in particular, are at high risk of insufficient protein ingestion. Furthermore, the current recommended dietary allowance for protein (0.8 g/kg/day) might be inadequate for maintaining muscle health in older adults, probably as a consequence of "anabolic resistance" in aged muscle. Older individuals therefore need to ingest a greater quantity of protein to maintain muscle function. The quality of protein ingested is also essential to promoting muscle health. Given the role of leucine as the master dietary regulator of muscle protein turnover, the ingestion of protein sources enriched with this essential amino acid, or its metabolite β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate, is thought to offer the greatest benefit in terms of preservation of muscle mass and function in old age.
提供足够量的膳食蛋白质对肌肉健康至关重要，因为它能确保必需氨基酸的供应并刺激蛋白质合成。特别是老年人，蛋白质摄入不足的风险很高。此外，目前推荐的蛋白质膳食摄入量（0.8克/千克/天）可能不足以维持老年人的肌肉健康，这可能是由于老年肌肉中的“合成代谢抵抗”所致。因此，老年人需要摄入更多的蛋白质来维持肌肉功能。摄入蛋白质的质量对促进肌肉健康也至关重要。鉴于亮氨酸作为肌肉蛋白质周转的主要膳食调节剂的作用，摄入富含这种必需氨基酸或其代谢物β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸的蛋白质来源，被认为在老年时维持肌肉质量和功能方面具有最大益处。
