小儿肥厚性烧伤瘢痕激光修复的麻醉实践

Anesthetic Practices for Laser Rehabilitation of Pediatric Hypertrophic Burn Scars.

作者信息

Wong Brendan M, Keilman Jeffrey, Zuccaro Jennifer, Kelly Charis, Maynes Jason T, Fish Joel S

机构信息

From the *Department of Plastic Surgery, and †Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

出版信息

J Burn Care Res. 2017 Jan/Feb;38(1):e36-e41. doi: 10.1097/BCR.0000000000000427.

Abstract

The use of ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy and pulsed dye laser therapy has led to significant improvements in the rehabilitation of hypertrophic burn scars. However, laser procedures are associated with appreciable pain among pediatric patients. Clinical consensus suggests using general anesthesia for pediatric laser procedures; however, guidelines for perioperative care are lacking. The objective of this quality improvement study is to determine whether a difference exists in postoperative pain outcomes in pediatric patients who receive intraoperative opioid regimens compared with patients who receive opioid-sparing regimens for laser therapy of hypertrophic burn scars. A retrospective review of patients who received laser therapy at a pediatric burn center from April 2014 to May 2015 was performed. Overall, 88 of the 92 procedures reviewed were included. A statistically significant difference was not found between the likelihood of postoperative pain when intraoperative opioid regimens (n = 63) were given compared with opioid-sparing regimens (n = 25) X (1, n = 88) = 2.870, P = .0902. There was also no difference between short-acting (n = 48), long-acting (n = 9), or combination (n = 6) intraoperative opioids compared with opioid-sparing regimens (n = 25) in the likelihood of postoperative pain. Despite the small sample size, the low number of postoperative pain cases is encouraging. Ultimately, these data provide a foundation for developing anesthetic guidelines for pediatric laser procedures. Specifically, clinicians should consider the potential to deliver adequate perioperative care via an opioid-sparing regimen ± adjuvant.

摘要

剥脱性二氧化碳点阵激光治疗和脉冲染料激光治疗的应用已显著改善了增生性烧伤瘢痕的康复效果。然而,激光治疗过程中儿童患者会感到明显疼痛。临床共识建议对儿童激光治疗采用全身麻醉;然而,目前缺乏围手术期护理指南。这项质量改进研究的目的是确定,在接受增生性烧伤瘢痕激光治疗的儿童患者中,接受术中阿片类药物方案的患者与接受阿片类药物节省方案的患者相比,术后疼痛结果是否存在差异。对2014年4月至2015年5月在一家儿童烧伤中心接受激光治疗的患者进行了回顾性研究。总体而言,纳入了92例手术中的88例。与阿片类药物节省方案(n = 25)相比,术中给予阿片类药物方案(n = 63)时,术后疼痛可能性未发现统计学显著差异(X(1, n = 88) = 2.870,P = 0.0902)。与阿片类药物节省方案(n = 25)相比,短效(n = 48)、长效(n = 9)或联合(n = 6)术中阿片类药物在术后疼痛可能性方面也没有差异。尽管样本量较小,但术后疼痛病例数量较少令人鼓舞。最终,这些数据为制定儿童激光手术的麻醉指南提供了基础。具体而言,临床医生应考虑通过阿片类药物节省方案±辅助药物提供充分围手术期护理的可能性。

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