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里氏木霉对聚酯型聚氨酯的降解作用。

Biodegradation of polyester polyurethane by Aspergillus tubingensis.

机构信息

Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia (KLPB), Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China; World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, 132 Lanhei Rd, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Science and Technology Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 28100 Bannu, Pakistan; Rice Research Institute, Yunnan Agriculture University, Heilongtan, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, China.

出版信息

Environ Pollut. 2017 Jun;225:469-480. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.03.012. Epub 2017 Mar 15.

Abstract

The xenobiotic nature and lack of degradability of polymeric materials has resulted in vast levels of environmental pollution and numerous health hazards. Different strategies have been developed and still more research is being in progress to reduce the impact of these polymeric materials. This work aimed to isolate and characterize polyester polyurethane (PU) degrading fungi from the soil of a general city waste disposal site in Islamabad, Pakistan. A novel PU degrading fungus was isolated from soil and identified as Aspergillus tubingensis on the basis of colony morphology, macro- and micro-morphology, molecular and phylogenetic analyses. The PU degrading ability of the fungus was tested in three different ways in the presence of 2% glucose: (a) on SDA agar plate, (b) in liquid MSM, and (c) after burial in soil. Our results indicated that this strain of A. tubingensis was capable of degrading PU. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), we were able to visually confirm that the mycelium of A. tubingensis colonized the PU material, causing surface degradation and scarring. The formation or breakage of chemical bonds during the biodegradation process of PU was confirmed using Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The biodegradation of PU was higher when plate culture method was employed, followed by the liquid culture method and soil burial technique. Notably, after two months in liquid medium, the PU film was totally degraded into smaller pieces. Based on a comprehensive literature search, it can be stated that this is the first report showing A. tubingensis capable of degrading PU. This work provides insight into the role of A. tubingensis towards solving the dilemma of PU wastes through biodegradation.

摘要

聚合物材料的外源性质和缺乏可降解性导致了严重的环境污染和众多健康危害。已经开发了不同的策略,并且仍在进行更多的研究,以减少这些聚合物材料的影响。本工作旨在从巴基斯坦伊斯兰堡一个普通城市废物处理场的土壤中分离和鉴定聚酯聚氨酯(PU)降解真菌。从土壤中分离出一种新型的 PU 降解真菌,并根据菌落形态、宏观和微观形态、分子和系统发育分析将其鉴定为突脐蠕孢(Aspergillus tubingensis)。在 2%葡萄糖存在的情况下,采用三种不同方法测试了真菌对 PU 的降解能力:(a)在 SDA 琼脂平板上,(b)在 MSM 液体中,(c)在土壤中掩埋。结果表明,该突脐蠕孢菌株能够降解 PU。使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM),我们能够直观地确认突脐蠕孢的菌丝体能够定殖在 PU 材料上,导致表面降解和伤痕。使用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(ATR-FTIR)证实了在 PU 生物降解过程中化学键的形成或断裂。当采用平板培养法时,PU 的生物降解率更高,其次是液体培养法和土壤掩埋技术。值得注意的是,在液体培养基中培养两个月后,PU 薄膜完全降解成较小的碎片。根据全面的文献检索,可以说这是首次报道突脐蠕孢能够降解 PU。这项工作为突脐蠕孢通过生物降解解决 PU 废物困境的作用提供了深入了解。

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