Nursing School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
School of Life Sciences, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
J Clin Nurs. 2019 Jul;28(13-14):2599-2612. doi: 10.1111/jocn.14846. Epub 2019 Apr 2.
To develop and validate an instrument to measure nurses' empathy motivation in China (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
Nurses are increasingly expected to empathise with patients in clinical settings. However, research investigating nurses' empathy motivation in China is lacking, and no specific instrument exists worldwide.
Two-stage cross-sectional study, which follows the STROBE guidelines. Instrument development and psychometric evaluation were used (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
A literature review and qualitative interviews with nurses were conducted to generate the initial items. Convenience samples of 340 (for item analysis) and 640 (for psychometric evaluation) clinical nurses working at four tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province were recruited. The scale was validated by content validity, surface validity and item analysis. A total of 640 participants were randomly divided into two equal groups. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used with varimax rotation, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and internal consistency reliability to analyse the psychometric properties of the scale (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
From the initial 90-item pool, 27 items were retained by the item analysis. The EFA (N = 290) showed the following six factors on the scale explained 71.266% of the overall variance: amotivation, external regulation, introjected regulation, identified regulation, integrative regulation and intrinsic motivation. Furthermore, when limited to three factors, that is autonomy motivation, controlled motivation and amotivation, 56.578% of the variance was explained. The findings showed high internal consistency. The six-factor solution and three-factor solution of the scale, including 27 items, were both confirmed by the CFA, for example χ /df = 1.744, 2.261; RMSEA = 0.051, 0.066; GFI = 0.882, 0.847; TLI = 0.942, 0.902; and RMR = 0.039, 0.049, respectively.
The nurses' empathy motivation scale presents good psychometric properties and can be used to explore nurses' empathy motivation in China (See Supporting Information Appendix S1).
This study offers insight into nurses' complicated reasons for exhibiting empathy.
开发并验证一种用于测量中国护士同理心动机的工具（见支持信息附录 S1）。
临床环境中越来越需要护士对患者产生同理心。然而，在中国，研究护士同理心动机的研究较少，全球范围内也没有特定的工具。
遵循 STROBE 指南的两阶段横断面研究。使用了仪器开发和心理测量评估（见支持信息附录 S1）。
对护士进行文献回顾和定性访谈，以生成初始项目。在安徽省四所三级医院招募了方便样本的 340 名（用于项目分析）和 640 名（用于心理测量评估）临床护士。通过内容有效性、表面有效性和项目分析对量表进行了验证。共有 640 名参与者被随机分为两组。使用最大方差旋转进行探索性因素分析（EFA），并进行验证性因素分析（CFA）和内部一致性可靠性分析，以分析量表的心理测量特性（见支持信息附录 S1）。
从最初的 90 个项目池中，通过项目分析保留了 27 个项目。EFA（N=290）显示，量表上的以下六个因素解释了总体方差的 71.266%：无动机、外部调节、内摄调节、认同调节、综合调节和内在动机。此外，当限制为三个因素时，即自主动机、控制动机和无动机，解释了 56.578%的方差。研究结果表明，该量表具有较高的内部一致性。该量表的六因素和三因素解决方案，包括 27 个项目，均通过 CFA 得到确认，例如 χ/df=1.744, 2.261; RMSEA=0.051, 0.066; GFI=0.882, 0.847; TLI=0.942, 0.902; 和 RMR=0.039, 0.049。
护士同理心动机量表具有良好的心理测量特性，可用于探讨中国护士的同理心动机（见支持信息附录 S1）。
本研究深入了解了护士表现出同理心的复杂原因。
