CD96 是一种免疫检查点,可调节 CD8 T 细胞的抗肿瘤功能。

CD96 Is an Immune Checkpoint That Regulates CD8 T-cell Antitumor Function.

机构信息

Immunology in Cancer and Infection Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

Cancer Immunoregulation and Immunotherapy, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia.

出版信息

Cancer Immunol Res. 2019 Apr;7(4):559-571. doi: 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-18-0637. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Abstract

CD96 is a novel target for cancer immunotherapy shown to regulate NK cell effector function and metastasis. Here, we demonstrated that blocking CD96 suppressed primary tumor growth in a number of experimental mouse tumor models in a CD8 T cell-dependent manner. DNAM-1/CD226, Batf3, IL12p35, and IFNγ were also critical, and CD96-deficient CD8 T cells promoted greater tumor control than CD96-sufficient CD8 T cells. The antitumor activity of anti-CD96 therapy was independent of Fc-mediated effector function and was more effective in dual combination with blockade of a number of immune checkpoints, including PD-1, PD-L1, TIGIT, and CTLA-4. We consistently observed coexpression of PD-1 with CD96 on CD8 T lymphocytes in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes both in mouse and human cancers using mRNA analysis, flow cytometry, and multiplex IHF. The combination of anti-CD96 with anti-PD-1 increased the percentage of IFNγ-expressing CD8 T lymphocytes. Addition of anti-CD96 to anti-PD-1 and anti-TIGIT resulted in superior antitumor responses, regardless of the ability of the anti-TIGIT isotype to engage FcR. The optimal triple combination was also dependent upon CD8 T cells and IFNγ. Overall, these data demonstrate that CD96 is an immune checkpoint on CD8 T cells and that blocking CD96 in combination with other immune-checkpoint inhibitors is a strategy to enhance T-cell activity and suppress tumor growth.

摘要

CD96 是一种新型的癌症免疫治疗靶点,可调节 NK 细胞效应功能和转移。在这里,我们证明阻断 CD96 以 CD8 T 细胞依赖性方式抑制了多种实验性小鼠肿瘤模型中的原发性肿瘤生长。DNAM-1/CD226、Batf3、IL12p35 和 IFNγ 也很关键,而且 CD96 缺陷型 CD8 T 细胞促进了更大的肿瘤控制,优于 CD96 充足型 CD8 T 细胞。抗 CD96 治疗的抗肿瘤活性不依赖于 Fc 介导的效应功能,并且与阻断多种免疫检查点(包括 PD-1、PD-L1、TIGIT 和 CTLA-4)的双重联合更有效。我们使用 mRNA 分析、流式细胞术和多重 IHF 在小鼠和人类癌症中一致观察到肿瘤浸润白细胞中 CD8 T 淋巴细胞上的 PD-1 与 CD96 的共表达。抗 CD96 与抗 PD-1 的联合增加了表达 IFNγ 的 CD8 T 淋巴细胞的百分比。添加抗 CD96 到抗 PD-1 和抗 TIGIT 导致了更好的抗肿瘤反应,无论抗 TIGIT 同种型是否能够结合 FcR。最佳的三联组合也依赖于 CD8 T 细胞和 IFNγ。总体而言,这些数据表明 CD96 是 CD8 T 细胞上的免疫检查点,阻断 CD96 与其他免疫检查点抑制剂联合使用是增强 T 细胞活性和抑制肿瘤生长的一种策略。

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