筛查护理专业学生，以识别出心理健康状况较差的高风险人群：一项横断面调查。
Screening nursing students to identify those at high risk of poor mental health: a cross-sectional survey.
机构信息
Department of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
Department of Nursing, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2019 Jun 25;9(6):e025912. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025912.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to identify those at high risk of poor mental health among nursing students and to examine the relationships and consistency among five mental health assessments.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional design with purposive sampling was used. Four mental health screening tools plus previous mental health history/information were conducted during June 2015 to October 2016.
SETTING
A nursing major university in Taiwan.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 2779 participants aged between 19 and 45 years were recruited.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Five mental health risks were identified: increased risk for ultra-high risk, putative prepsychosis states, high trait anxiety, high state anxiety with genetic risk and depression.
RESULTS
Out of the 3395 collected questionnaire, 2779 (82%) were found valid and included in the study. 612 (22%) of the participants were identified to be at mental health risk. 12 of them appeared positive in four, 79 in three, 148 in two and 373 in one of the adopted mental health screening tools. 69 participants had the experience of seeking medical help due to mental health issues, and 58% of them were identified to be at risk of mental health during the screening. Trait and state anxiety scored the highest in correlation analysis (r(2620)=0.76, p<0.001). Correlations were observed in the scores on the subscales of Chinese Version of Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (CSPQ-B) and those of Brief self-report Questionnaire for Screening Putative Prepsychotic States (BQSPS), and the highest correlation coefficients was (r(2740)=0.70, p<0.001). Although both of the screening tools are used to assess mental illness risk at its prodromal phase, but CSPQ-B in general appeared to have more rigorous screening criteria than BQSPS.
CONCLUSION
For expediting early identification high risk of poor mental health, easy-to-use screening questionnaires can be adopted to assess the mental health state of nursing students whose mental well-being and overall health are of vital importance to the entire healthcare industry.
目的
本研究旨在识别护理专业学生中心理健康风险较高的人群，并探讨五种心理健康评估方法之间的关系和一致性。
设计
采用横断面设计和目的性抽样。2015 年 6 月至 2016 年 10 月期间，使用四种心理健康筛查工具和既往心理健康史/信息进行研究。
地点
台湾一所护理专业大学。
参与者
共招募 2779 名年龄在 19 至 45 岁之间的参与者。
主要结局测量指标
确定五种心理健康风险：超高风险、拟前驱期状态、高特质焦虑、高状态焦虑伴遗传风险和抑郁。
结果
在收集的 3395 份问卷中，有 2779 份（82%）有效并纳入研究。612 名（22%）参与者被确定为存在心理健康风险。其中 12 名在四种心理健康筛查工具中均呈阳性，79 名在三种中呈阳性，148 名在两种中呈阳性，373 名在一种中呈阳性。69 名参与者因心理健康问题寻求医疗帮助，其中 58%在筛查中被确定为存在心理健康风险。特质焦虑和状态焦虑在相关性分析中得分最高（r（2620）=0.76，p<0.001）。在中文版精神分裂症人格问卷（CSPQ-B）的子量表得分和简要前驱期状态筛查问卷（BQSPS）的得分之间观察到相关性，最高相关系数为（r（2740）=0.70，p<0.001）。虽然这两种筛查工具都用于评估前驱期的精神疾病风险，但 CSPQ-B 通常比 BQSPS 具有更严格的筛查标准。
结论
为了加快识别护理学生心理健康不良的高风险，可采用易于使用的筛查问卷评估护理学生的心理健康状况，因为他们的身心健康对整个医疗保健行业至关重要。
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