微睡眠与不受听觉输入干扰的大脑活动模式有关。

Microsleep is associated with brain activity patterns unperturbed by auditory inputs.

作者信息

Yong Zixin, Tan Joo Huang, Hsieh Po-Jang

机构信息

Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore.

Department of Psychology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

出版信息

J Neurophysiol. 2019 Dec 1;122(6):2568-2575. doi: 10.1152/jn.00825.2018. Epub 2019 Sep 25.

Abstract

Microsleeps are brief episodes of arousal level decrease manifested through behavioral signs. Brain activity during microsleep in the presence of external stimulus remains poorly understood. In this study, we sought to understand neural responses to auditory stimulation during microsleep. We gave participants the simple task of listening to audios of different pitches and amplitude modulation frequencies during early afternoon functional MRI scans. We found the following: ) microsleep was associated with cortical activations in broad motor and sensory regions and deactivations in thalamus, irrespective of auditory stimulation; ) high and low pitch audios elicited different activity patterns in the auditory cortex during awake but not microsleep state; and ) during microsleep, spatial activity patterns in broad brain regions were similar regardless of the presence or types of auditory stimulus (i.e., stimulus invariant). These findings show that the brain is highly active during microsleep but the activity patterns across broad regions are unperturbed by auditory inputs. During deep drowsy states, auditory inputs could induce activations in the auditory cortex, but the activation patterns lose differentiation to high/low pitch stimuli. Instead of random activations, activity patterns across the brain during microsleep appear to be structured and may reflect underlying neurophysiological processes that remain unclear.

摘要

微睡眠是通过行为迹象表现出的唤醒水平短暂下降的发作。在存在外部刺激的情况下,微睡眠期间的大脑活动仍知之甚少。在本研究中,我们试图了解微睡眠期间对听觉刺激的神经反应。我们让参与者在下午早些时候的功能磁共振成像扫描期间执行一项简单任务,即聆听不同音高和调幅频率的音频。我们发现以下几点:(1)无论听觉刺激如何,微睡眠都与广泛的运动和感觉区域的皮质激活以及丘脑的失活有关;(2)高音和低音音频在清醒状态下会在听觉皮层引发不同的活动模式,但在微睡眠状态下则不会;(3)在微睡眠期间,无论听觉刺激的存在与否或类型如何(即刺激不变),广泛脑区的空间活动模式都是相似的。这些发现表明,大脑在微睡眠期间高度活跃,但广泛区域的活动模式不受听觉输入的干扰。在深度困倦状态下,听觉输入可诱导听觉皮层的激活,但激活模式对高音/低音刺激失去区分能力。微睡眠期间大脑的活动模式似乎是有组织的,而非随机激活,这可能反映了尚不清楚的潜在神经生理过程。

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