前瞻性记忆与工作记忆的比较。新的实验范式。
Prospective memory and working memory in comparison. New experimental paradigms.
机构信息
Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Italy.
出版信息
Int J Neurosci. 2020 Aug;130(8):834-840. doi: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1707821. Epub 2020 Jan 7.
Prospective memory (PM) is a cognitive high load activity. Two main models showed the relation between working memory (WM) and PM. The preparatory attentional and memory processes model (PAM) posits an interdependence between WM and PM; while, the multiprocess framework assumes independence between these two functions. With the aim to investigate this relation, two tasks were administered to a sample of 21 healthy participants. The first task (arithmetic) required low cognitive and WM load together with a prospective task, the second (PASAT) required high cognitive and WM load together with a prospective switching task. The prospective task included two modalities of administration: based on a sound cue (event-based) or at a given moment (time-based). PM accuracy was influenced by WM only when paired to complex tasks that require high cognitive load on WM and active PM self-retrieval processes (time-PASAT). These results support partial independence between these two mechanisms.
前瞻性记忆 (PM) 是一种认知高负荷活动。两个主要模型展示了工作记忆 (WM) 和 PM 之间的关系。预备注意和记忆过程模型 (PAM) 假设 WM 和 PM 之间存在相互依存关系;而多过程框架则假设这两个功能之间是独立的。为了研究这种关系,对 21 名健康参与者进行了两项任务。第一项任务(算术)需要低认知和 WM 负荷以及前瞻性任务,第二项任务(PASAT)需要高认知和 WM 负荷以及前瞻性转换任务。前瞻性任务有两种呈现方式:基于声音提示(基于事件)或在给定时刻(基于时间)。只有当与需要高 WM 认知负荷和主动 PM 自我检索过程(基于时间的 PASAT)的复杂任务相结合时,WM 才会影响 PM 的准确性。这些结果支持这两个机制之间存在部分独立性。