MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020 Jan 24;69(3):57-62. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6903a1.
In 2017, nearly 38,000 persons of working age (16-64 years) in the United States died by suicide, which represents a 40% rate increase (12.9 per 100,000 population in 2000 to 18.0 in 2017) in less than 2 decades.* To inform suicide prevention, CDC analyzed suicide data by industry and occupation among working-age decedents presumed to be employed at the time of death from the 32 states participating in the 2016 National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS). Compared with rates in the total study population, suicide rates were significantly higher in five major industry groups: 1) Mining, Quarrying, and Oil and Gas Extraction (males); 2) Construction (males); 3) Other Services (e.g., automotive repair) (males); 4) Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing, and Hunting (males); and 5) Transportation and Warehousing (males and females). Rates were also significantly higher in six major occupational groups: 1) Construction and Extraction (males and females); 2) Installation, Maintenance, and Repair (males); 3) Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media (males); 4) Transportation and Material Moving (males and females); 5) Protective Service (females); and 6) Healthcare Support (females). Rates for detailed occupational groups (e.g., Electricians or Carpenters within the Construction and Extraction major group) are presented and provide insight into the differences in suicide rates within major occupational groups. CDC's Preventing Suicide: A Technical Package of Policy, Programs, and Practices (1) contains strategies to prevent suicide and is a resource for communities, including workplace settings.
2017 年,美国近 3.8 万名处于工作年龄(16-64 岁)的人自杀身亡,在不到 20 年的时间里,这一数字增长了 40%(2000 年每 10 万人中有 12.9 人,到 2017 年增至 18.0 人)。*为了为自杀预防提供信息,CDC 分析了参与 2016 年国家暴力死亡报告系统(NVDRS)的 32 个州中,处于工作年龄且在死亡时被认为有工作的死者的行业和职业自杀数据。与研究人群的总体比率相比,五个主要行业群体的自杀率显著更高:1)采矿业、采石业和石油及天然气开采业(男性);2)建筑业(男性);3)其他服务(如汽车修理)(男性);4)农业、林业、渔业和狩猎业(男性);以及 5)交通运输和仓储业(男性和女性)。六个主要职业群体的自杀率也显著更高:1)建筑和采矿业(男性和女性);2)安装、维护和修理业(男性);3)艺术、设计、娱乐、体育和媒体业(男性);4)交通运输和物料搬运业(男性和女性);5)保护服务业(女性);以及 6)医疗保健支持业(女性)。呈现了更详细的职业群体(例如,建筑和采矿业中的电工或木匠)的比率,并深入了解主要职业群体内部自杀率的差异。CDC 的《预防自杀:政策、计划和实践技术包》(1)包含了预防自杀的策略,是社区(包括工作场所)的资源。