女孩赋权与青少年妊娠:系统评价。

Girls' Empowerment and Adolescent Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

机构信息

Master Program in Global Health and Development Department, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Daan District, Taipei 106, Taiwan.

Nkhata Bay District Hospital, Nkhata Bay District Health Office, P.O. Box 4, Mkondezi, Nkhata Bay, Malawi.

出版信息

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Mar 4;17(5):1664. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17051664.

Abstract

: 21 million girls get pregnant every year. Many initiatives are empowering girls. Various studies have looked at girl empowerment, however, there is contradicting evidence, and even less literature from developing countries. : We searched articles published between January 2000 to January 2019. We followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and registered our protocol on the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews PROSPERO (CRD42019117414). Nine articles were selected for review. Quality appraisal was done using separate tools for qualitative studies, cohort and cross-sectional studies and randomized control trials. : Eight studies included educational empowerment, four studies included community empowerment, three studies included economic empowerment, while two studies discussed policy empowerment. Three studies were of fair quality; two qualitative and one cross-sectional study were of high quality, while three studies had low quality. . Studies showed a favorable impact of girl empowerment on adolescent pregnancies and risky sexual behaviors. Education empowerment came through formal education or health systems such as in family planning clinics. Community empowerment was seen as crucial in girls' development, from interactions with parents to cultural practices. Economic empowerment was direct like cash transfer programs or indirect through benefits of economic growth. Policies such as contraceptive availability or compulsory school helped reduce pregnancies.

摘要

每年有 2100 万女孩怀孕。许多倡议旨在增强女孩的权能。各种研究都关注女孩赋权,然而,存在相互矛盾的证据,来自发展中国家的文献更少。

我们检索了 2000 年 1 月至 2019 年 1 月期间发表的文章。我们遵循系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)指南,并在国际前瞻性系统评价注册处 PROSPERO(CRD42019117414)上注册了我们的方案。选择了九篇文章进行审查。使用定性研究、队列和横断面研究以及随机对照试验的单独工具对质量评估进行了评估。

八项研究包括教育赋权,四项研究包括社区赋权,三项研究包括经济赋权,而两项研究讨论了政策赋权。三项研究质量中等;两项定性研究和一项横断面研究质量较高,而三项研究质量较低。研究表明,增强女孩权能对青少年怀孕和危险性行为有积极影响。教育赋权通过正规教育或计划生育诊所等卫生系统实现。社区赋权对女孩的发展至关重要,从与父母的互动到文化习俗。经济赋权是直接的,如现金转移计划,或通过经济增长的好处间接实现。避孕药具的可获得性或义务教育等政策有助于减少怀孕。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2272/7084341/8d647a45999c/ijerph-17-01664-g001.jpg

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