Afacan Mustafa Ahmet, Tayfur İsmail
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Haydarpasa Numune Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul. 2019 Jul 11;53(2):186-189. doi: 10.14744/SEMB.2019.80217. eCollection 2019.
The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of metoclopramide and ondansetron treatments on the emergency department observation time in acute gastroenteritis-related nausea and vomiting (NV).
The study was conducted retrospectively on 297 patients diagnosed with acute gastroenteritis in a training and research hospital's emergency service observation unit within 6 months. Patients with gastroenteritis who were diagnosed with NV were divided into two groups according to the treatment they received in the observation unit. Patients who received 4 mg ondansetron slow infusion therapy were classified as Group 1, and patients who received 10 mg metoclopramide slow infusion therapy were classified as Group 2.
The average age of the patients was 39.57±18.75 years. Of the 297 participants, 56.6% (168) were female. Among them, 51.5% (153) received ondansetron (Group 1), and 48.5% (144) received metoclopramide (Group 2). 6.9% weakness-numbness and 4.9% akathisia were detected due to metoclopramide use. There were no adverse effects related to ondansetron use. The duration of observation ranged from 19 to 75 min in Group 1 and from 42 to 122 min in Group 2. Nineteen (13.2%) patients in Group 2 and 5 (3.3%) patients in Group 1 revisited the emergency department within 24 h due to ongoing complaints.
In conclusion, side effects of weakness and akathisia due to metoclopramide use were observed. However, no side effects were observed due to ondansetron use. Additionally, the use of ondansetron showed a shorter observation time and less recurrent admission to the emergency department. Therefore, ondansetron is a more effective drug in the treatment of NV associated with acute gastroenteritis.
本研究旨在比较甲氧氯普胺和昂丹司琼治疗对急性胃肠炎相关性恶心和呕吐（NV）患者在急诊科观察时间的影响。
对一家培训和研究医院急诊科观察单元6个月内诊断为急性胃肠炎的297例患者进行回顾性研究。诊断为NV的胃肠炎患者根据其在观察单元接受的治疗分为两组。接受4mg昂丹司琼缓慢静脉输注治疗的患者分为第1组，接受10mg甲氧氯普胺缓慢静脉输注治疗的患者分为第2组。
患者的平均年龄为39.57±18.75岁。297名参与者中，56.6%（168名）为女性。其中，51.5%（153名）接受昂丹司琼治疗（第1组），48.5%（144名）接受甲氧氯普胺治疗（第2组）。因使用甲氧氯普胺检测到6.9%的患者出现虚弱-麻木和4.9%的静坐不能。未发现与使用昂丹司琼相关的不良反应。第1组的观察时间为19至75分钟，第2组为42至122分钟。第2组中有19名（13.2%）患者和第1组中有5名（3.3%）患者因持续不适在24小时内再次就诊于急诊科。
总之，观察到使用甲氧氯普胺有虚弱和静坐不能的副作用。然而，未观察到使用昂丹司琼的副作用。此外，使用昂丹司琼显示观察时间更短，再次入院到急诊科的情况更少。因此，昂丹司琼是治疗急性胃肠炎相关性NV更有效的药物。
