中文版状态-特质焦虑量表（Y型）在大学生中的因子结构与性别不变性
Factor Structure and Gender Invariance of Chinese Version State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Form Y) in University Students.
作者信息
Han Yan, Fan Jie, Wang Xiang, Xia Jie, Liu Xingze, Zhou Huan, Zhang Yi, Zhu Xiongzhao
机构信息
Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Medical Psychological Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2020 Oct 8;11:2228. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02228. eCollection 2020.
BACKGROUND
Anxiety can be classified as state anxiety and trait anxiety which present the current level of anxiety and the generalized anxiety tendencies of individuals, respectively. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y (STAI-Y) is a reliable instrument used to test both the levels of state and trait anxiety across various countries. However, the optimal factor structure of STAI-Y in different populations is not consistent and is not clear in Chinese university students. In addition, the gender invariance is the premise for comparing the scores of STAI-Y between men and women which also need to be verified. Therefore, this study explored the optimal factor structure of STAI-Y and examined whether the optimal factor structure satisfied measurement invariance across gender in Chinese university students.
METHOD
A sample of 2117 Chinese university students participated in this study including 748 men and 1369 women. The optimal factor structure was decided by singer group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Furthermore, the configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance models were administrated in multigroup CFA to detect the measurement equivalence of STAI-Y across gender in Chinese university students. The reliability of STAI-Y was tested by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and McDonald's omega coefficients.
RESULTS
The optimal factor structure of STAI-Y was four-factor model and reached strict gender invariance in Chinese university students. Moreover, the STAI-Y also had adequate reliability in Chinese university students.
CONCLUSION
This study explored the factor structure and gender invariance of STAI-Y in Chinese university students. In sum, the four-factor structure of STAI-Y obtained the best goodness-of-fit and satisfied gender invariance which deepened the understanding of STAI-Y in Chinese university students.
背景
焦虑可分为状态焦虑和特质焦虑，分别反映个体当前的焦虑水平和普遍的焦虑倾向。状态-特质焦虑量表Y型（STAI-Y）是一种可靠的工具，用于测试不同国家的状态焦虑和特质焦虑水平。然而，STAI-Y在不同人群中的最佳因素结构并不一致，在中国大学生中也不明确。此外，性别不变性是比较男性和女性STAI-Y分数的前提，这也需要验证。因此，本研究探讨了STAI-Y的最佳因素结构，并检验了该最佳因素结构是否满足中国大学生在性别上的测量不变性。
方法
2117名中国大学生参与了本研究，其中男性748名，女性1369名。通过分组验证性因素分析（CFA）和探索性结构方程建模（ESEM）确定最佳因素结构。此外，在多组CFA中采用构型不变性、度量不变性、标量不变性和严格不变性模型，以检测STAI-Y在中国大学生中跨性别的测量等效性。通过Cronbach's alpha系数和McDonald's omega系数检验STAI-Y的信度。
结果
STAI-Y的最佳因素结构为四因素模型，在中国大学生中达到了严格的性别不变性。此外，STAI-Y在中国大学生中也具有足够的信度。
结论
本研究探讨了STAI-Y在中国大学生中的因素结构和性别不变性。总之，STAI-Y的四因素结构获得了最佳的拟合优度并满足性别不变性，加深了对STAI-Y在中国大学生中的理解。
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