Department of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Arapiraca, Brazil.
Campus Arapiraca, Rodovia AL-115, Bom Sucesso, Federal University of Alagoas, 57309-005, Arapiraca, Alagoas, Brazil.
Wien Klin Wochenschr. 2021 Apr;133(7-8):377-382. doi: 10.1007/s00508-020-01760-4. Epub 2020 Nov 26.
Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 are varied in the general population. This study aimed to systematize the literature regarding clinical manifestations of patients with confirmed COVID-19. A systematic review of the literature was conducted. A total of 8070 scientific productions were found in the databases. Among the studies, 184 met the initial inclusion criteria, with a total of 114,046 patients. After complete reading, 32 studies that did not report clinical manifestations were excluded. The 152 publications finally included a total of 41,409 individuals from at least 23 countries and 26 different clinical manifestations were reported. In percentage terms, 6 symptoms had a general prevalence greater than or equal to 25%, namely, fever (58.66%), cough (54.52%), dyspnea (30.82%), malaise (29.75%), fatigue (28.16%) and sputum/secretion (25.33%). Neurological symptoms (20.82%), dermatological manifestations (20.45%), anorexia (20.26%), myalgia (16.9%), sneezing (14.71%), sore throat (14.41%), rhinitis (14.29%), goosebumps (13.49%), headache (12.17%), chest pain (11.49%) and diarrhea (9.59%) were other common symptoms. Only one study reported dermatological manifestations. The least frequent sign/symptom was hemoptysis (1.65%). In studies with more than 100 patients, the 3 main symptoms were fever (57.93%), cough (54.21%), and dyspnea (30.64%). Dermatological manifestations do not appear among the main symptoms. The identification of all clinical manifestations of COVID-19 is essential for an early diagnosis and the adoption of preventive measures.
COVID-19 的临床表现在普通人群中各不相同。本研究旨在对已确诊 COVID-19 患者的临床表现进行文献综述。我们进行了系统的文献检索。在数据库中发现了 8070 项科学研究成果。在这些研究中,有 184 项符合最初的纳入标准,共计 114046 例患者。在进行完整阅读后,排除了 32 项未报告临床表现的研究。最终纳入的 152 项研究共包括来自至少 23 个国家的 41409 名个体,报告了 26 种不同的临床表现。从百分比来看,有 6 种症状的总体患病率大于或等于 25%,即发热(58.66%)、咳嗽(54.52%)、呼吸困难(30.82%)、不适(29.75%)、乏力(28.16%)和咳痰/分泌物(25.33%)。神经系统症状(20.82%)、皮肤病表现(20.45%)、厌食(20.26%)、肌痛(16.9%)、打喷嚏(14.71%)、咽痛(14.41%)、鼻炎(14.29%)、鸡皮疙瘩(13.49%)、头痛(12.17%)、胸痛(11.49%)和腹泻(9.59%)也是其他常见症状。只有一项研究报告了皮肤病表现。最少见的体征/症状是咯血(1.65%)。在患者人数超过 100 人的研究中,前 3 大症状是发热(57.93%)、咳嗽(54.21%)和呼吸困难(30.64%)。皮肤病表现并非主要症状。识别 COVID-19 的所有临床表现对于早期诊断和采取预防措施至关重要。