Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
World J Surg Oncol. 2021 Apr 12;19(1):111. doi: 10.1186/s12957-021-02225-2.
BACKGROUND: Pituitary tumor transforming genes (PTTG1, PTTG2, and PTTG3P) play key roles in the pathogenesis and development of human cancers. The studies show that overexpression of the PTTG genes is associated with tumor progression and migration. However, the function of the PTTG genes in the prognostic value of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma is rarely known by people. METHODS: The expression of PTTG family genes was analyzed by the ONCOMINE, Human Protein Atlas, GEPIA2, and UALCAN database. The relationship between PTTG family genes expression level and clinical indicators including prognostic data in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma was analyzed by GEPIA2, TCGA portal, and UALCAN. cBioPortal database was used to analyze the genetic mutations of differentially expressed PTTG family members. Similar genes of the PTTG family (90 in total) obtained from GEPIA2 and Metascape were used for GO enrichment to explore the interaction among similar genes. The online tools of Metascape and STRING were used for functional and pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS: PTTG1, 2, and 3P mRNA and protein expression upregulated in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma kidney renal clear cell carcinoma patients compared with normal tissues. And higher expression level of PTTG family genes was associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Furthermore, overexpression of the PTTG family genes had been found correlated with individual cancer stages and pathological tumor grades. In addition, 18% of mutations in the PTTG family genes were associated with short-term survival in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma patients. CONCLUSIONS: A single PTTG gene or PTTG family genes as a whole may be a potential prognostic biomarker for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.
背景：垂体肿瘤转化基因（PTTG1、PTTG2 和 PTTG3P）在人类癌症的发病机制和发展中发挥着关键作用。研究表明，PTTG 基因的过表达与肿瘤的进展和迁移有关。然而，PTTG 基因在肾透明细胞癌预后价值中的功能鲜为人知。
方法：通过 ONCOMINE、Human Protein Atlas、GEPIA2 和 UALCAN 数据库分析 PTTG 家族基因的表达。通过 GEPIA2、TCGA 门户和 UALCAN 分析 PTTG 家族基因表达水平与肾透明细胞癌临床指标（包括预后数据）的关系。cBioPortal 数据库用于分析差异表达 PTTG 家族成员的遗传突变。从 GEPIA2 和 Metascape 获得 PTTG 家族（共 90 个）的相似基因，用于 GO 富集分析，以探索相似基因之间的相互作用。使用 Metascape 和 STRING 的在线工具进行功能和通路富集分析。
结果：与正常组织相比，肾透明细胞癌患者的 PTTG1、2 和 3P mRNA 和蛋白表达上调。PTTG 家族基因表达水平越高，总生存期（OS）和无病生存期（DFS）越短。此外，PTTG 家族基因的过表达与个体癌症分期和病理肿瘤分级有关。此外，PTTG 家族基因的 18%突变与肾透明细胞癌患者的短期生存相关。
结论：单个 PTTG 基因或 PTTG 家族基因整体可能是肾透明细胞癌的潜在预后生物标志物。
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