Barden R C, Ford M E, Wilhelm W, Rogers-Salyer M, Salyer K E
School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1988 Aug;82(2):229-35. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198808000-00003.
The present experiment investigated whether the physical attractiveness of craniofacially deformed children and adolescents could be improved by surgical procedures. Twenty patients between the ages of 5 months and 17 years were randomly selected from patient files. Patient diagnoses included facial clefts, hypertelorism, Treacher Collins syndrome, and craniofacial dysostosis (Crouzon's and Apert's syndromes). Rigorously standardized photographs of patients taken before and after surgery were shown to 40 "naive" raters ranging in age from 17 to 52 years. Raters analyzed the photographs with regard to global physical attractiveness. These ratings indicated that the patients' physical attractiveness was reliably (62 percent) improved following surgery. The results are discussed in light of recent evidence that untreated craniofacial patients may be at risk for psychosocial disorders and in terms of the growing evidence of the importance of physical appearance for the development of cognitive and social-emotional competence. In addition, a standardized assessment system is described that can be used to facilitate the compilation of actuarial data predicting surgical outcomes. Finally, the importance of empirically evaluating the effectiveness of surgical procedures and practitioners on a continuing basis is emphasized.
本实验研究了外科手术是否能够改善颅面畸形儿童和青少年的外貌吸引力。从患者档案中随机挑选了20名年龄在5个月至17岁之间的患者。患者诊断包括面部裂隙、眼距过宽、特雷彻·柯林斯综合征以及颅面骨发育不全（克鲁宗综合征和阿佩尔综合征）。将患者手术前后严格标准化的照片展示给40名年龄在17岁至52岁之间的“外行”评分者。评分者就整体外貌吸引力对照片进行分析。这些评分表明，患者术后外貌吸引力得到了可靠的提升（62%）。结合近期关于未经治疗的颅面患者可能存在心理社会障碍风险的证据，以及越来越多关于外貌对认知和社会情感能力发展重要性的证据，对结果进行了讨论。此外，还描述了一种标准化评估系统，可用于协助汇编预测手术结果的精算数据。最后，强调了持续实证评估手术程序和从业者有效性的重要性。
