到场一半:COVID-19 期间基于医院的强化门诊服务的远程医疗对精神科预约就诊的影响。

Showing Up Is Half the Battle: The Impact of Telehealth on Psychiatric Appointment Attendance for Hospital-Based Intensive Outpatient Services During COVID-19.

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

Yale New Haven Psychiatric Hospital, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.

出版信息

Telemed J E Health. 2021 Aug;27(8):835-842. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2021.0028. Epub 2021 May 17.

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated telehealth to deliver psychiatric services. Continuation of psychiatric services for individuals with high clinical acuity was critical. This study examined attendance to rapidly deployed telehealth services for psychiatrically high-risk individuals receiving intensive outpatient program (IOP), primarily group-based psychotherapy services for adults and adolescents by race/ethnicity, insurance, and clinical treatment program within a large hospital-based outpatient psychiatric setting. Chi-square tests compared whether attendance rates for telehealth versus in-person IOP services varied by population group, race, insurance, and clinical program, using observational data of adolescent and adult patients treated between October 1, 2019, and July 31, 2020. Appointment attendance increased for telehealth versus in-person services for adolescents (χ ( = 1) = 27.49, < 0.0001) and adults (χ ( = 1) = 434.37, < 0.0001). For adults, increased appointment attendance for telehealth was observed across insurance type (Medicaid: +11.5%; Medicare: +13.79%; Commercial: +6.94%), race/ethnicity (+6.23% to +15.76% across groups), and for IOP groups across all five diagnostic treatment programs (between 7.59% and 15.9% increases across groups). Adolescent results were mixed; increased appointment attendance for telehealth was observed among commercially insured youth (+7.11%), but no differences were observed for Medicaid-insured youth. Non-Hispanic white youth had increased attendance for telehealth (+8.38%) and no differences were observed for non-Hispanic black youth. Decreases were found in telehealth attendance for Hispanic/Latinx youth (-13.49%). Rapidly deployed telehealth increased attendance to intensive services for psychiatrically high-risk individuals, particularly among adults and for adolescents with commercial insurance and non-Hispanic white youth. Trends among racial/ethnic and Medicaid-insured youth warrant further investigation regarding the potential for special challenges or vulnerabilities and advocacy needs. Findings highlight telehealth as an important tool in supporting availability of services for individuals with high levels of psychiatric acuity, particularly for group-based services, during the pandemic.

摘要

新冠疫情加速了远程医疗的发展,以提供精神科服务。继续为有高度临床紧迫性的精神科患者提供服务至关重要。本研究通过观察性数据,检查了在一家大型医院门诊精神科环境中,为接受密集门诊计划(IOP)的精神科高危个体(主要是针对成人和青少年的团体为基础的心理治疗服务)迅速部署的远程医疗服务的就诊情况,按种族/民族、保险和临床治疗计划对接受治疗的青少年和成年患者进行了比较。 卡方检验比较了远程医疗与现场 IOP 服务的就诊率是否因人群、种族、保险和临床项目而异,使用了 2019 年 10 月 1 日至 2020 年 7 月 31 日治疗的青少年和成年患者的观测数据。 与现场服务相比,青少年(χ ( = 1) = 27.49, < 0.0001)和成人(χ ( = 1) = 434.37, < 0.0001)的远程医疗就诊率均有所增加。对于成年人,无论保险类型(医疗补助:+11.5%;医疗保险:+13.79%;商业保险:+6.94%)、种族/民族(各组之间为+6.23%至+15.76%)还是所有五个诊断治疗项目的 IOP 群体,远程医疗预约就诊率都有所增加(各组之间增加 7.59%至 15.9%)。青少年的结果参差不齐;商业保险的青少年远程医疗预约就诊率有所增加(+7.11%),但医疗补助保险的青少年没有差异。非西班牙裔白人青少年的远程医疗就诊率有所增加(+8.38%),而非西班牙裔黑人青少年没有差异。西班牙裔/拉丁裔青少年的远程医疗就诊率下降(-13.49%)。 快速部署的远程医疗增加了对精神科高危个体的强化服务就诊率,尤其是成年人以及商业保险和非西班牙裔白人青少年。针对西班牙裔/拉丁裔和医疗补助保险的青少年的趋势需要进一步调查,以了解是否存在特殊挑战或脆弱性以及宣传需求。研究结果强调了远程医疗作为在大流行期间为高精神科紧迫性个体提供服务的重要工具,特别是对于团体为基础的服务。

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